There are four types of discrimination, the first is individual discrimination. Individual discrimination is the behaviour of one person to another or a group of people, the next is institutional discrimination; this is when discrimination is built into the way the institution is run. Next is overt discrimination, this is when an individual or institution knowingly treats someone unfairly on the bias of race, gender, etc. The last is covert discrimination, this discrimination in subtle, for example applying criteria that people will be unable to meet, this type can be intentional or unintentional. Discrimination can be seen in practise with stereotyping, labelling, disempowering, abusing, bullying, abuse of power, infringements of rights and over-riding individual’s rights.
Valuing people as individuals is important in promoting equality of opportunities. Inclusion is ensuring that people have access to available services and activities as well as a full range of services and facilities available Discrimination is judging people because of gender, social class, age, disability, religion, sexuality, race, ethnicity, language, nationality or other personal characteristics and discriminating against then because of these differentness, treating them different, different treatment of care. 1.2 The potential effects of discrimination can be different for different people. The effects can be physical, emotional or a combination of both such as Disempowerment, Low self-esteem and self-identity and even negative behaviours including aggression and criminality., poor appetite, a change in eating habits, sleeplessness, loss/gain of weight, lack of personal hygiene and lack of energy. the emotional effects may be low self esteem, lack of confidence, feeling unwanted, insecurity, becoming withdrawn, depression/stress, anxiety, sudden change in behaviour.
If language barriers are a problem, what actions might be taken to resolve this? The first step is to understand that cultural diversity is a mixture of races, cultures, backgrounds and ages and not only a matter of black and white. The next step would be to conduct regular cultural sensitivity awareness classes for the workers so they adhere to it and encourage not only one another but clients also. Educating oneself on the differences in beliefs and cultures can also be eye opening and help better understanding of future scenarios. 4.
Diversity: The diversity of a group is very important as they have a variety of ideas, knowledge, skills and experiences that can be pooled together for a great functioning of the group. This group is made up of members who vary in culture, social skills and background. In addition, behaviour of individual members is important this includes their willingness to participate, accepting responsibilities and following rules and regulations. 1.2 Evaluate strategies to manage group behaviour and dynamics Kurt Lewin, a psychologist noted that people often take on distinctive roles and behaviours when they work in a group. He also stated that "Group dynamics describes the effects of these distinct roles and behaviours on other group members and on the group as a whole’’.
Compare and contrast the approaches of Cohen and Hall et al. to the role of the media in relation to social disorder. Disorder is explained as disorderly conduct or a public disturbance, maybe making a nuisance of yourself in public, these can all be portrayed in a bad way and can get you into trouble with the police or other authorities. It is also known as being anti-social, where someone is being antagonistic, hostile or unfriendly towards others. Ideas of what is orderly and disorderly are also imagined and invoked by different communities in different ways.
Discriminatory behaviour results in unfair, unjust treatment. It could be done against those who are different with respect to their age, sex, nationality, ethnic background, religion, ability, financial status and size. 1.2 Describe the potential effects of discrimination. Effects of discriminatory practice: - Low self-esteem - Negative behaviours Negative behaviours Negative behaviour is being aggressive and violent towards a person or a thing. For example if someone is getting discriminated for any reason such as age, culture, sex, appearance or many more their behaviour may become negative towards themselves or others.
Discrimination- unlawful discrimination occurs when a person is harassed or treated arbitrarily or different because of their membership in a “protected class”. A protected class is a group of two people who share common characteristics and are protected from discrimination and harassment by the law. Prejudice refers to negative judgments and/or views about a group formed without knowledge, though, or reason. A stereotype is a (often negative) generalization about a group based upon samples that do not represent the group, in which the generalization becomes so well-known it becomes a “conventional image” for the group in question., often accepted as the truth by the illogical bunch. Stereotypes could be a form of prejudice if they are negative generalizations.
Why do people label and group other people? I think people label and group other people because they are discomfortable with themselves. People tend to speak negative of others to make themselves stand out and give other peoples a bad reputation. This help them feel better about themselves. Some people try to place other people in the same group as them even if wrong.
Cultural Influences on Context: The Educational Setting Language, Culture, and Communication In this chapter the author Amber Laurin focuses on the importance and the influence that the educational setting has on intercultural interaction. The view of and approaches to education are valuable sources when it comes to culture. Different cultures have different approaches to formal learning and knowledge in general, and by studying them one can gain information about the background of people from those cultures. It is important to know, that however different cultures may seem, in their core they are very similar because they all share elements such as social structure, needs, and desires, thus their educational systems teach the same thing – culture and how it passes on from one generation to the other. Our culture shapes our education, and that is why instructors need to be aware of it and to try to be effective communicators, especially in multicultural environments such as ours.
[8] 5-8 Answers at this level will demonstrate a good understanding of the question, with links to relevant sociological material such as G. H. Mead’s account of how children learn through interaction with others. Well-chosen references to psychological theories of cognitive development, such as the work of Piaget, may also provide a relevant backdrop for answering the question. At the top of the band the explanation will be detailed and well focused on the importance of the interaction process itself. (d) Assess the claim that sociologists have exaggerated the importance of socialisation in shaping human behaviour. [11] 5-8 Answers that are limited solely or mainly to a sound account of the functionalist theory of socialisation would merit the lower part of this band.