Outline and evaluate the multi-store model of memory (12 marks) Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) developed the multi-store model of memory to describe how the whole memory is structured. Incoming information enters a sensory memory for a brief period of time. A tiny fraction of it is then transmitted to the short term memory where it can be held and influenced. A little of that information is then transferred to the long term memory for more permanent storage. Sensory memory is the memory stores of all the info that your senses take in, it is held long enough for us to pay attention to it, if wanted, and then initially process it before it transfers to the short term memory.
“Outline and evaluate research into the duration, capacity, and encoding of information in short-term memory.” (12 Marks) Memory can be split into three different categories; sensory memory, short term memory and long term memory. They all differ in three main ways, which are the duration, capacity, and the encoding of them. Short term has three key aspects. It has a limited capacity, limited duration and acoustically encoded. In short term memory, there is a limited capacity of much information can be held.
Outline and Evaluate the Multi-Store of Memory The idea of a multi-store memory, was discovered by Atkinson and Shiffrin in 1968, and argues that memory can be divided into three separate structures; Sensory memory, Short-term memory and Long-term memory. Information is thought to enter the memory system through the Sensory memory, then passed on to the Short Term memory when attention is paid to it. If this information is thought about and rehearsed in the Short Term memory it is passed to the Long-Term Memory to help interpret information in Short Term Memory. The Sensory Memory, which is uses visual, auditory and tactile encoding, has a limited capacity however, and a brief duration, so for information to be useful, it has to be passed
| To create records on softwares | The use of passwords limit access and maintain confidentiality. Records can be easily updated. Information can be shared quickly and easily.Less bulky than paper records to store. | Lack of computer skills may restrict communication via computer. Records could be accidentally deleted.
Use evidence from the documents or sources to provide two to three details about Reason #1 or your Sub Thesis a. Make sure that you state according to what document In your writing EXAMPLE: (Document A, B, C, D, etc.) C. Argument 1. Explanation of why Reason #2 is one factor that answers that question IV. BODY PARAGRAPH #3 (Reason three) A. Sub Thesis: 1.
Running head: THE MEMORY PROCESS The Memory Process Patanisha Andrews Psych/550 May 2, 2011 Gaston Weisz The Memory Process The basic memory process is encoding information into memory. Memory is the ability to encode, store and recall information. The three main processes of memory involve encoding, storage and recall. The three types of codes are acoustic (sounds), visual (images or pictures) and semantic (meaningful). Memory is stored and retained overtime then the information is retrieved from the memory when needed.
Because of the limited capacity of the STM, words from the middle of the list are thought to be lost completely or unavailable for recall. Case Study of K.F. - Shallice & Warrington (1970) I think that this study proves that the different parts of the multi-store model can be damaged separately because K.F's LTM was unaffected by the motorbike accident while his STM was severely damaged. Case Study of H.M. - Milner et al (1978) This study also supports the theory that the multi-store model can be affected as individual parts because while H.M's STM and LTM both worked almost normally, he lost the ability to transfer the information from the STM to the LTM, however he could recall information from the LTM to the
Both these stores connect to the final store, the episodic buffer. This store integrates information from all the three stores and the long term memory. The information that is not needed is forgotten and the rest is stored in the long term memory. All the capacities of the stores in the working memory model are limited. One problem of the model relates to the concept of the central executive.
Short term memory (STM) is considered as incoming information from the sense which we attend to for only a short period of time. Only when we attend to the incoming sensory information and rehearse it does that information transfer from short term memory to long term memory. Short term memory is thought to be limited to 18-30 seconds, information that is not processed into long term memory is then lost through decay or displacement. The three main areas to memory are encoding, which is the way information is changed so it can be stored in memory. The information enters the brain via the senses including eyes and ears, it is then stored in various forms such as visual codes (pictures), acoustic form (sound based) or semantic form (how we attach meaning or experiences) Encoding
Three stages of memory The three stages of memory consist of sensory memory, short term memory, and long term memory. Each stage has specific functions in how its stores memory, for how long, and when that memory is called upon. Sensory memory lasts about 1 - 2 seconds and is the immediate perception of stimuli in the environment. You can either dismiss that perception, or transfer it to short-term memory or perhaps long-term memory. Sensory memory is often divided into iconic (visual input) and echoic (sound) memory.