In a babies second year a babies physical development will continue and develop quickly. They will start to develop fine motor skills such as being able to hold small objects, dressing and undressing and will also enjoy climbing. Most babies at this stage will be walking. In their third year when they are toddlers they will be running and walking with more confidence, enjoy looking at books and feeding themselves. Communication and Intellectual development starts from the moment a baby is born.
Task 1 Briefly outline the physical development of children and young people between birth and the age of 19. The physical development of children between the ages of 0 to 19 differs dramatically between the ages. From birth to 3 years of age a child’s skills are limited, varying from being able to do simple tasks like turning their head in response to sounds or movement around them , reaching out their hands when they want something and in turn being able to grab hold of an object which invariably ends up being put in their mouth. They smile, recognise their mother and respond to familiar sounds and people. The progression from 6 months to 2 year sees a child become more active and stable in their movements and activities.
At 7-8 months of age a child should begin to stand with some support. By 8 months, the child will begin crawling on their hands and knees with help. At 12 months a child will then use index finger and thumb to pick up small objects and can point to objects with the index finger. 12 to 24 Months The ability for a child to stand alone takes a bit longer so usually about 12-14 months a child would be walking. Between 13 and 15 months, walking skills increase and can begin to walk, a child may walk holding onto the furniture although some children may be walking unaided.
From birth through to adulthood children continually grow, develop, and learn. A child’s development can be measured through social, emotional, intellectual, physical and language developmental milestones. In general, child development progresses from head to toe. Beginning at the top of the body and gradually moving downwards from inner to outer. Firstly gaining control of muscles close to the head and then moving outwards so the large muscles in the shoulders and upper arms/thighs are first and the extremities last from simple to complex; children progress from simple words to complex sentences from general to specific; emotional responses involve the whole body in young babies but may involve only the face in an older child It is important to understand how children develop physically, socially, emotionally and intellectually and to know that all areas of development
Understand child and young peoples development. 1.2) Explain the difference between sequence of development and rate of development and why the difference is important. Sequence of development is some thing that the child has to develop in order - for example they learn to recognise words before being able to attempt saying that word themselves or a baby has to learn to sit up and support their own weight before being able to crawl. The rate of development is the speed at which the child develops a skill. Some children’s rate of development is a lot faster then others, for example some babies learn to walk at 10 months while others don’t start walking until they are over a year old.
In early childhood children have an abundance of energy that they have a hard time controlling. In this stage children run instead of walking. They jump and skip showing the exuberant amount of energy that they have. During early childhood gross and fine motor skills are starting to become refined. A child’s hand eye coordination improves and they develop the ability to do tasks such as jump rope, hit a ball and use things such as pencils and crayons with better control.
during the sixth week, the fingers and toes will start to grow and by the seventh week, the baby has its own fingerprints. Eyes and ears will appear but won’t be in full shape. When it is close to the eighth week, the baby will start to move. By the third, fourth and fifth month the baby can feel pain and can make facial expressions. The baby can respond to sound and their heart will beat faster if a light is shined on the mother’s abdomen.
Physical 0-3 In this developmental stage, a new born baby is helpless, they cannot control their movements. By 3 months, a baby can hold their head up, hold certain objects and has established eye contact. By 6 months, the baby can roll over from their stomach and has an increase of visual sense. By the time the baby is 1 years old, they can sit unsupported, crawl and can hold a bottle by themself. They also start to develop good balance which will help them in the process of walking and standing.
I will then continue to outline the auditory system and its limitations. I will draw on evidence to explain the characteristics of preferred stimuli, both auditory and visual, in order to demonstrate the stimuli that would be best suited in a nursery environment. The visual system of newborn babies develops over an extended period but develops significantly within the first few months of life. A newborn has limited vision in the first few weeks of life due to the underdeveloped retina, optic nerve, lateral geniculate nucleus and this visual cortex. The retina contains rods and cones.
Physical Development: From birth a baby will start its development journey. At first a baby will lay on their back, then start lifting their head and kicking and will become fascinated by their own fingers and hand movements. By six months old, a baby can grasp objects, transfer them from hand to hand and as their head control is much improved, it becomes inevitable that with any object held, an attempt to put it in their mouth will be made. Mobility starts around the 9 month stage, starting off as rolling then progressing to shuffling, crawling, then finally attempts at walking unaided at 12 months. Every child is different and some children can go from shuffling to walking attempts, missing a big milestone such as crawling.