However, when decentralisation occurs, urban centres suffer many negative impacts. Urbanisation is the process of inner city functions and powers dispersing and redistributing away out of city to more sparse areas, usually on rural-urban fringe. Manchester is a particular city that has both suffered from decentralisation, but has also been somewhat successful in its attempt to tackle this issue. During the 1950’s, shops located in the city centre tended to only sell high order goods such as furniture and jewelry, attracting customers from all around and from out of the city, whereas shops selling low order goods like food were found local to individual neighbor hoods. At the start of the 1970’s, shops began to move and spread away from the CBD to areas on the outskirts of the city.
These are the options residents have to relax, unwind and use free time and money, which are available in a gentrified suburb with high socio-economics and residents with disposable incomes, such as Pyrmont. Being in the service industry, it may be generalised that residents are time-poor, and so need recreational facilities close to their homes. Through the processes of urban consolidation and adaptive reuse of existing spaces, pre-existing buildings have been turned into trendy bars, such as the Star Casino, Momofuku restaurant in the former water police site and beauty parlours. These both contribute to and are examples of the gentrification that Pyrmont is undergoing through the process of urban renewal, which are improving the quality of life for residents in Pyrmont by providing them lifestyle options for disposable income, while at the same time aiding Sydney’s cultural dominance as an emerging world
With reference to waste management in urban areas discuss the extent to which sustainability can be achieved? A sustainable city is one that meets the needs of its both its present and future inhabitants, and an effective waste management system is often an underlying principle deployed in order to achieve successful sustainability in urban areas. Waste management usually refers to materials produced by human activity, and defined as the collection, transport, processing and disposal of this waste. It is of vital importance - particularly with recent global warming issues - that urban areas implement a successful waste management scheme, and examples such as the Bristol ‘Poo Bus’ and the ‘Waste to Energy’ programme in Copenhagen show that across the world urbanised areas are trying to address the issue. The more traditional forms of waste management, such as incineration, landfill and composting are heavily debated; which is the best method of waste disposal?
Each of the sections below will examine an aspect related to the benefits and detriments of gentrification, and will allow for a cohesive understanding of an issue that will continue to be hotly contested, not just in the United States but globally. As discussed below, gentrification is not without its benefits. A better neighborhood infrastructure is put in place through increased neighborhood investment, urban areas are re-born as the new residents move in and bring with them their own culture and there is the potential for a reduction in some types of crime. However these benefits come at a steep cost. Entire populations of people are displaced, the strong community support system relied upon heavily by the urban residents is removed, and the infrastructure that the poorer residents rely on for their specific needs is taken away.
With reference to examples, evaluate the success or otherwise of urban regeneration schemes in combating the causes and consequences of urban decline. the need for urban regeneration is present as soon as an area starts to enter the "downward spiral" of deprivation. This is the theory that there is a knock on effect which leads to the decline of an inner city area. Urban regeneration, theoretically, can be tackled by starting with any point on the downward spiral, and setting about on reversing the loop so the chain reaction is a positive one. Although urban regeneration is a worldwide issue, it has been especially present in the urban areas throughout the UK in the last 30 years, with the government introducing many different schemes to try and combat the causes and consequences of urban decline.
It is very important to involve the SMEs in the cost planning also to get the accurate estimate for the cost. After the budget is planned it is critical to monitor and control the project’s cost. Earned value analysis helps monitoring the project cost. Monitoring the project cost against the actual cost provides the project manager how to handle the rest of the project. The sooner the issues have been caught the sooner it has been taken care.
In this essay, I will evaluate the success of these programmes in their attempt to regenerate areas badly affected by urban decline. Urban decline is brought about by a number of factors including political decisions, outmigration, decline in quality of housing stock, lack of urban planning, loss of industry and an increasing concentration of low income groups. Political decisions can sometimes mean that areas are ignored for investment and therefore eventually go into decline. As areas become less desirable the skilled and wealthier population move out into more desirable areas, housing becomes of a lower quality as little money is pumped in for redevelopment. This means that the majority of people living in the area are those who cannot afford to move away.
Evaluate the success or otherwise of urban regeneration schemes in combating the causes and consequences of urban decline (40 marks) Urban decline is caused by many factors including the development of the suburbs, leading to migration of the upper and middle class workers but is mostly effected by de-industrialisation, resulting in big corporations leaving the region, taking skilled workers and trade with them and causing large scale unemployment. This can cause an even bigger spiral of decline as low income levels mean people can’t afford high quality housing, education or health and then investment into the area starts to leave which leaves the infrastructure to crumble and social standards start to slip. Therefore, to help encourage development in these areas, the government and the people often create schemes to help regenerate the area. One cause of urban decline is the emigration of workers out of an area usually into the suburbs in a search for a nicer environment and better quality of living. This can often lead to the abandonment of buildings which soon become overgrown and derelict.
(Neuman,2005)The environmental aspects of urban consolidation is quite different with in developing the form of urban sprawl. In high density areas, there is only a few natural vegetations,which include trees and grasslands and etc, are found within the buildings, roads, and parking areas. So it makes harder for the inner suburb to have a cleaner environment without planting large amount of vegetations.To sum up, it has both problems and benefits by developing the urban consolidation but the advantages of consolidation is more convincing , making th consolidation form as a more sustainable and livable plan
When living in a city such as New York traffic moves about as fast as a person walking briskly to their destination; therefore you don’t find too many people who own cars in the city. On the other hand you have places like Phoenix who’s transit system does not run as beneficial because they don’t have enough density in the city for it to do so. Jeffrey Zupan states the fact that in order for a city to get a transit system there has to be an obvious need for it, and unfortunately Phoenix is not one of those places. With a transit system as detailed and well planned out as New York’s not too many people are eager to jump into their cars to drive anywhere. There for cutting down on the consumption of fuel and less traffic jams.