6. What is the relationship of the bronchi, the bronchioles, and the alveoli? The bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli are all in the lungs and they are all used in the process of breathing. The bronchi is what the trachea branches off into. The bronchioles are the smaller branches that the bronchi divide into.
Plasma carries food from the stomach to cells but carries waste from the cells to the kidneys and intestine. The body needs lots of haemoglobin because it will combine with the gases; oxygen and carbon dioxide. The red cells carry the oxygen in the arteries and capillaries to cells of the body. One function of the blood is to transport materials within plasma and hemoglobin around the body. Plasma contains hormones, nutrients and waste substances.
Oxygen is delivered to the body. vii. Carbon dioxide is passed from the blood into the lungs. The air enters through the nose and mouth and there are tiny hairs inside your nose and in the throat called cilia that traps the dust particles before it travels down the trachea into the bronchus then into the bronchioles and into the alveoli which you will find in the lungs. The alveoli passes the oxygen to the blood capillary by diffusion (high – low) and this is also how the waste (carbon dioxide) is passed back to the lungs to be breathed out this is why there is only a thin membrane so it can be passed through easily.
After leaving the larynx passes into the trachea. Air from the trachea passes through the larger right and smaller left bronchi that descends into the right and left lungs. In the lungs, the bronchi re-branches into the secondly bronchi that eventually re-branches into tiny bronchioles. Air movement into the tiny bronchioles finally terminates in a cluster of alveoli, where the gases are exchanged. * * * What role does the trachea and surfactant play within the respiratory system?
It moves food through and mixing it with digestive secretions from the pancreas and liver. The duodenum is mainly responsible for the continuous breaking-down process, with the jejunum and ileum mainly responsible for absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream.
_____ Glucagon acts by raising blood sugar levels; insulin acts by lowering blood sugar levels. 46. _____ Secretin is released by the small intestine due to the presence of acid and leads to bicarbonate release from the gall bladder. 47. _____ CCK is released by the stomach due to the presence of fats and leads to bile release from the pancreas.
Air enters the respiratory system through the nostrils and mouth (External nares) Then the air goes through the larynx and trachea, which is a tube that enters the chest cavity. Then the trachea splits into two tubes, bronchi, which split further into bronchial tubes. Bronchial tubes lead further to the lungs, where they divide in many smaller tubes which connect to tiny sacs called alveoli. The trachea and surfactant perform there function of preparing the air to enter the lungs through cleaning the air and warming it up. (Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology, Chapter 15, 504-511) 2.
SCI/241 THE SCIENCE OF NUTRITION January13,2012 Human Digestion How the does the digestive system works to absorbs nutrients? Digestion starts with the smell of food, it activates the salivary glands. The gland secret saliva that moistens food, it also contains a digestive enzyme called amylase that breaks down some carbohydrates before it leaves the mouth. Then the food is swallowed and goes into the lumen through the esophagus. The esophagus muscles contractions called peristalsis forces the food through the sphincter valve and into the stomach.
Your respiratory system works by you breathing air in through your nose and mouth, which wet and warm the air so it wont irritate your lungs. After that the air travels through your voice box, down your windpipe and then through bronchial tubes into your lungs. Cilia in your airways entrap foreign particles and germs to filter the air that you breathe. You then cough or sneeze the particles out of your body. The main components of the respiratory system are the nose (moistens air, filters air and warms air), larynx, pharynx, trachea (Connects the external respiratory organs with the lungs), bronchi (Components essential for external respiration), bronchioles (Each terminal bronchiole conducts air to an acinus in the lung), pleura, alveoli, and the diaphragm (contracts with each inspiration, becoming flattened downwards and increasing the volume of the thoracic
An example of a local hormone is Gastrin which is a polypeptide hormone secreted by the mucous lining in our stomach. Its purpose is to promote gastric juice secretion. Gastrin is released by G cells and is regulated/stimulated by the amino acids and peptides found in the food we are consuming entering our stomachs. b) There are two different chemical classes of hormones that interact differently with the target-cell. Outline the two classes of hormones, how they are transported in the blood and how they exert their general mechanism of actions at the target cell.