The respiratory system does this through breathing, when an individual breath in they inhales oxygen whereas when they breathe out they exhale carbon dioxide. Cardiovascular system and the respiratory system The cardio vascular system which is made up of the heart and blood vessels, this system works together with the respiratory system which is made up of the lungs and airways. These two systems work together to transport oxygen to the muscles and all the organs in the body also they work together to remove any waste products including carbon dioxide. The respiratory system and the cardiovascular system work closely together to make sure all tissues receive sufficient oxygen. The air we breathe in that is held in the lungs is transferred through the blood and the heart is involved with blood circulation where oxygenated blood is pumped from the lungs to the rest of the body.
P4: The Cardiovascular system The cardiovascular system refers to the heart, blood vessels and the systematic circulation (blood). Blood contains oxygen and other nutrients which your body needs to survive. The body takes these essential nutrients from the blood. At the same time, the body dumps waste products like carbon dioxide, back into the blood, so they can be removed. The main function of the cardiovascular system is therefore to maintain blood flow to all parts of the body, to allow it to survive.
Oxygen is passes through the respiratory system by breathing through the nose. It passes through the trachea and enters the blood stream from the alveoli, which is a tiny sac located in the lungs. The alveoli are thin and moist. Its characteristics are required for the diffusion of the oxygen into the capillaries, which are tiny blood vessels. The capillaries are part of the cardiovascular system.
Bronchiole’s have small air sac called alveoli attached to them, which inflate during inhalation and deflate during exhalation. Gas exchange delivers the oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream, and the elimination of carbon dioxide from the bloodstream to the lungs. Capillaries lie within the walls of the alveoli which make it possible to diffuse the oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveolus and capillary. The oxygen attaches in blood vessels and carbon dioxide is eliminated during exhalation. 3.
Apex is upper portion, extends above clavicle, and base is lower resting on diaphragm. Gas exchange takes place between capillaries and alveoli. * Type 1 alveoli- gas exchange cells * Type 2 alveoli- produce surfactant, a lipoprotein that lowers the surface tension w/in alveoli allowing for inflation. * Functions of the Pulmonary system: * Ventilation: movement of air into and out of the lungs through breathing. Accomplished through cycles of inhalation/exhalation.
Air from the trachea passes through the larger right and smaller left bronchi that descends into the right and left lungs. In the lungs, the bronchi re-branches into the secondly bronchi that eventually re-branches into tiny bronchioles. Air movement into the tiny bronchioles finally terminates in a cluster of alveoli, where the gases are exchanged. (pp. 504-511) Surfactant is an important oily substance secreted by septal cells that covers the thin layer of water coating on the alveolar surface.
Very low blood pressure. This is where gas exchange takes place. Oxygen passes through the capillary wall and into the tissues, carbon dioxide passes from the tissue into the blood. | | Veins and venules | Veins and venules carry blood to the heart (always deoxygenated apart from the pulmonary vein which goes from the lungs to the heart). They have thin walls.
External respiration which is also known as breathing refers to the inhalation of oxygen from the air into the lungs and expelling carbon dioxide from the lungs to the air. External respiration is a physical process during which oxygen is taken up by capillaries of lung alveoli and carbon dioxide is released from blood. Respiration occurs through our mouth, nose, trachea, lungs and diaphragm. Oxygen enters the respiratory system through the mouth and the nose. The oxygen then passes through the larynx, and the trachea.
English > Library > TRAINER System™ Downloads > Article by Dr John Flutter Biochemistry and Physiology of Breathing Why do we breathe? • To deliver oxygen to body cells • To remove excess CO2 Oxygen Body cell requirement 2-3% Atmospheric content 21% • Oxygen does not have to be stored. It is always available • Its purpose is to provide energy and to regenerate cells Carbon Dioxide Body requirement 6.5% or 40mm Hg Atmospheric content 0.03% • It has to be produced by the body and stored • It is stored in the lungs at 6.5% • It is stored in arterial blood at 40mm Hg pressure • It is produced as a by product of exercise and digestion When the child breathes through the mouth the stored carbon dioxide in the lungs escapes. This results in reduced levels of carbon dioxide in the lungs and reduced levels of carboxyhaemoglobin in the blood. Many of the problems associated with chronic mouth breathing are as a result of this lowered level of carboxy-haemoglobin in the body.
The lungs add oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide. Then the left side is responsible for accepting blood from the lungs and pumping it back out into the body. Think of it like a cycle where blood flows like this: From the body into the top right chamber (right atrium) -- down into the bottom right chamber (right ventricle) -- out to the lungs -- back to the top left chamber (left atrium) -- down to the bottom left chamber (left ventricle) -- then out to the body. The heart is innervated by the autonomic nervous system, but it also has its own system to generate electrical impulses that stimulate cardiac muscle to contract. These electrical impulses can be recorded in an ECG (electrocardiogram) and used to detect problems with the heart.