Plasma and red blood cells transport substances to or away from cell. White blood cells and platelets are parts of the immune system. Blood plasma is mostly made up of water which is from respiration and is absorbed from the large intestine. Water can also be reabsorbed from the kidney. This is very important as this allows osmosis occurs in our bodies.
| Circulatory system | | The human circulatory system (simplified). Red indicates oxygenated blood, blue indicates deoxygenated. (Not depicted are the intricate network ofcapillaries, as well as the entire lymphatic system.) | Latin | systema cardiovasculare | The circulatory system is an organ system that passes nutrients (such as amino acids, electrolytes and lymph), gases, hormones, blood cells, etc. to and from cells in the body to help fight diseases, stabilize body temperature and pH, and to maintainhomeostasis.
It then helps to pump blood around the body, to supply tissues with oxygen and nutrients and to transport waste products away from the tissues. The blood vessels of three different types which are the capillaries, veins and arteries. The Arteries: * Carry blood away from the heart (always oxygenated apart from the pulmonary artery which goes to the lungs) * Have thick muscular walls * Have small passageways for blood (internal lumen) * Contain blood under high pressure The Veins: * Carry blood to the heart (always de-oxygenated apart from the pulmonary vein which goes from the lungs to the heart) * Have thin walls * Have larger internal lumen * Contain blood under low pressure * Have
The lymphatic system is made up of lymphatic vessel and lymphatic organs. The lymphatic system has four main functions; lymphatic capillaries absorb excess tissue fluid and return it to the bloodstream. In the small intestines, lymphatic capillaries called lacteals absorb fats in the form of lipoproteins and transport them to the bloodstream. The lymphatic system also is responsible for the production, maintenance and distribution of lymphocytes. It also helps defend the body against pathogens.
The first pump pumps "oxygen poor" blood to the lungs from the right ventricle of the heart via the pulmonary artery where it returns as "oxygen rich blood" via the pulmonary vein to the left atrium. It flows through to the left ventricle, where the second pump of the heart pumps the oxygen-rich blood to all the other parts of the body, via the aorta. There are four valves that ensure blood flows in the correct direction, these are the pulmonary valve, the tricuspid valve, the mitral valve and the aortic valve. | | The number of times the heart beats per minute, otherwise known as the pulse rate, is affected by the age and fitness of a person and their current level of activity. The heart's muscle wall is called the myocardium.
Centrifugation Of Blood Blood banks are global wide industries that are involved in the separation of mixtures obtained from living matter. They take blood donation from humans and separate the white/red bloods cells platelets and plasma from each other for various beneficial uses, for example plasma or platelet transfusion. Centrifuging is used to hasten the separation of blood. Centrifugation is a separation process which uses the action of centrifugal force to promote accelerated settling of particles in a solid-liquid mixture. There are different types of centrifugal separation.
The Atrial reflex: The atria have in their walls stretch receptors called low-pressure receptors These low-pressure receptors play an important role, especially in minimizing arterial pressure changes in response to changes in blood volume. They do detect simultaneous increases in pressure in the low-pressure areas of the circulation caused by an increase in volume, and elicit reflexes parallel to the baroreceptor reflexes to make the total reflex system more potent for control of arterial pressure. b) Long term mechanism for control of blood pressure: Is determined by the balance between the fluid intake and output. 1. The Renin-Angiotensin System Renin is synthesized and stored in an inactive form called prorenin in the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidneys.
Smooth linings are important here because any irregularity in the lining could cause a blood clot. Generally, a stratified squamous epithelium is located where mechanical stresses are severe. The lining of the mouth, esophagus, and surface of the skin are protected by this type of epithelium. A simple cuboidal epithelium occurs where secretion or absorption occurs. An example of this type of epithelium is the lining of kidney tubules.
The smallest arteries, called arterioles, direct the blood flow into the capillaries. The capillaries connect to the smallest veins called venules. The Veins then return blood to the heart. The arteries are elastic, muscular tubes that carry the blood from the left ventricle of the heart to the capillaries. The walls of the arteries are thicker than the other vessels because of the high pressure.
Muscle tissue contract to produce active movement. Neural tissues conduct electrical impulses and carries information. The protected regions of our body for example our kidney tubes, the lining of the ventral body cavities and the lining of blood vessels are called simple squamous epithelium, they protect regions in which absorption takes place or where a slippery surface reduces friction. Stratified squamous epithelium protects when there are severe mechanical stresses the lining of the mouth and esophagus are prime examples of the epithelium. I believe that if the cutaneous membrane was damaged it would heal in time after all it is our skin and we know that in most people it heals with the help of red blood cells.