Then the filtrate goes through the descending loop of Henle, which is permeable to water (water retained back), and then through the ascending loop of Henle, which is permeable to salt (salt is retained back). Then the filtrate goes to the distal tubule, which removes the wastes that were not initially filtered out of the Bowman’s capsule (hydrogen ions). From the distal tubule, it travels to the collecting duct (now called urine), which prepares the urine
Running head: Impact of hypovolemic shock Impact of hypovolemic shock Anastasia Arnold Anatomy and physiology Professor Greco Springfield Technical Community College 1 Impact of hypovolemic shock Hypovolemic shock occurs when large amounts of blood and fluids are make it difficult for the heart to pump a sufficient amount of blood to the body. Blood can be lost through cuts or other injuries on the body or internal bleeding. This type of shock can cause multiple organs to cease working correctly. The human body responds to this shock by activating the following physiologic systems. The hematologic system responds to severe blood loss by contracting the bleeding vessels.
Once the capillaries have delivered their oxygen, they also absorb excess carbon dioxide into the blood and then deliver it to the veins, which then supply the blood back to the heart. The respiratory system is primarily comprised of the airways, the lungs and the structures (such as muscles) that help move air in and out of the lungs. The airway, which begins with the nose and mouth, continues down through the throat into the bronchi, which are small airways that eventually feed into the lungs, which are lined with cells called alveoli. The other part of the respiratory system is the muscles, such as the intercostals (muscles between the ribs) and the diaphragm, which cause the lungs to expand and contract. When the size of the lungs changes, so does the pressure inside, leading to air either coming in (inhalation) or being forced out (exhalation).
4. Discuss the role of thrombolytic therapy in a patient with an AMI. Include indications, and contraindications for use of thrombolytics. Thrombolytic therapy is the use of drugs to break up or dissolve blood clots, which are the main cause of both heart attacks and stroke. 5.
How does gas exchange occur? As energy is utilized by cells, one of the waste products is the gas carbon dioxide. Oxygen-enriched red blood cells release oxygen to the cells of the body and then pick up the waste carbon dioxide. This oxygen- deprived, dark blue blood is then delivered to the blood vessels of the lungs. Carbon dioxide is released by the red cell, easily passes through the capillary wall into the space in the air sac of the adjacent alveoli, and is then eliminated with each breath out of the mouth (exhalation).
Air from the trachea passes through the larger right and smaller left bronchi that descends into the right and left lungs. In the lungs, the bronchi re-branches into the secondly bronchi that eventually re-branches into tiny bronchioles. Air movement into the tiny bronchioles finally terminates in a cluster of alveoli, where the gases are exchanged. (pp. 504-511) Surfactant is an important oily substance secreted by septal cells that covers the thin layer of water coating on the alveolar surface.
What is the cough reflex? Describe the process that Cari’s respiratory system is using to clear her lungs by coughing. A cough reflex clears sputum and irritants that are in the pharynx and nasal passages. The process that Cari’s respiratory system is using to clear her lungs is there is cilia in her trachea that is moving the mucus up from her lungs. When the mucus becomes abundant this triggers the cough reflex.
| | | Lesson 6 - The Cardio-Respiratory System DefinitionsThe cardio-respiratory system consists of the cardio vascular system (heart and blood vessels) together with respiratory system (lungs and air ways). These systems work to transport oxygen to the muscles and organs of the body and remove waste products including carbon dioxide. The HeartThe heart is a double pump. "Oxygen-poor" blood enters the heart from the vena cava to the right atrium, and flows down to the right ventricle. The first pump pumps "oxygen poor" blood to the lungs from the right ventricle of the heart via the pulmonary artery where it returns as "oxygen rich blood" via the pulmonary vein to the left atrium.
BIOS 255 WEEK 5 Lab 5 - Lymphatic System & Disease Resistance 1. Describe lymphatic system functions. The three major functions of the lymphatic system are: 1) It drains excess interstitial fluid from tissue spaces and return it to the blood. 2) It transports lipids and lipid-soluble vitamins absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. 3) It carries out immune responses directed against particular microbes or abnormal cells.
What is the cough reflex? The cough reflex is used to clear sputum and irritants that are in the nasal passages and pharynx. b. Describe the process that Cari’s respiratory system is using to clear her lungs by coughing: The cilia in her trachea move mucus up from the lungs, copious amounts of mucus trigger the cough reflex. 3.