The First Punic War took place in 264 BCE as a result of hostilities in Sicily. In 289 BCE, the Greek city of Messana, located in Northern Sicily, was seized by Campanian mercenaries. By 264 BCE, the Greek tyrant of Syracuse attempted to drive the mercenaries out of the island. In response, the Campanians looked to the Carthaginians, who had a colony located in western Sicily, for naval support. After the siege was lifted, the Carthaginians kept their navy in the harbor of Messana.
Tensions between the Peloponnesian League and the Delian League eventually led to the Peloponnesian war. Thucydides believed that Sparta was afraid of the growing power of Athens, which had essentially resulted in the creation of an Athenian empire. Sparta felt that Athens was meddling in their business, and Athens would not agree to avoid interference. After twenty-seven years of war, and the participation in one way or another of many of the city-states belonging to the two leagues, both Sparta and Athens were in ruins. Sparta claimed the victory, and the city-states continued their bickering and fighting.
Essays xix. The Peloponnesian War started when Megara and Thebes was forced into the Confederacy of Delos. They then decided to revolt with the help of Sparta, but that ended a decisive victory for Sparta and a peace treaty with Athens. Athens chose to break the deal and they went after Potidaea, but that ended up as a draw. Pericles was a very strategic leader and they decided to start another war by going to the source, Sparta.
Spartan military king who bravely led a small force of Greeks (the famous 300) against the much larger Persian army of Xerxes, at the pass of Thermopylae. During this battle, 480 B.C., the 300 small Greek army lead by Leonidas himself fought hard and delayed the Persians from pushing forward for a while. The small Greek army would decrease the size of the Persian army and hold them off until Persians found a route to outflank the Greek army. King Leonidas realizing this, commanded his army to retreat and him and a handful of loyal soldiers that wanted to stay with him willingly fought the Persian army. The number of Greeks left was around 300 all of which fell including Leonidas.
Now just like in the first war Sparta couldn’t do it alone; so they asked the Persians to help conquer Athens. They asked their own enemy for help. This truly was a good example of history repeating itself. Mainly because Spartans defeated the Persians on land and Athenians defeated them in the sea. This time Spartans defeated the Athenians on land and the Persians defeated the Athenians in the sea.
Also, his betrayal of the plan to betray Messina denied the force a valuable base of operation and potential schemes for the taking of other cities. The Sicilian expedition also suffered from the overambitious nature of the campaign itself. Plutarch describes the grand designs of Alcibiades in creating the expedition as ludicrous - the desire to eventually take Carthage and control the Mediterranean. The war in Sicily is described by Thucydides as one of near equal magnitude to the one with the Peloponnese, which already strained Athenian power. The expedition relied on the cooperation of the Ionian cities in Sicily, which was misjudged - even Rhegium, previously an ally, did not join the Athenians.
A teacher of mine once asked me, “ Did the Romans conquer the Greeks, or did the Greeks conquer the Romans?” I had to stop and scratch my head because I didn’t know what to say . As I continued to think about which side to defend, I thought of how the Romans conquered the Greeks physically , but the greeks had a huge impact on the Roman way of life. The Romans were starting to expand from Italy and take over other parts of the Mediterranean . The Romans were fighting with the Carthaginians , some Greeks were afraid of the romans so they decided to help the Carthaginians to fight the romans . The romans won the battle against the Carthaginians and weren’t happy with the greeks for siding against them .
7. Research the Greek mystery religions. How was the religious experience for their members more intense than the “common” religion? Discuss rituals, ceremonies, etc… 8. Discuss (generally) some of the contributions of Greek/Hellenic scientists such as Galen, Ptolemy, Euclid, Pythagoras, and Archimedes.
However, these different texts provide historians with a range of accounts that challenges the various evidence in presenting a singular, reliable account of the Trojan War, but they are useful in presenting the idea that war did take place. A text that provides historians with information about the Trojan War is Homer's Iliad. Written in 8th century BC, the Iliad is an epic poem that presents evidence to suggest the Trojan War was a significant event in society. Homer's Iliad gives an account of the events that caused the Trojan War. He writes that the war began when Helen, the wife of King Menelaus left for Troy with Paris, the son of the Trojan King.
It is apparent on how the Ancient Athenians executed Socrates after the series of attempts of his followers to destroy Democracy. It is also a Democracy of the Sword because of the Ancient Athenians view war as a necessity to protect Democracy, which they claim to be the model government for other Greek City-States to follow but eventually these wars destroyed Democracy. The Democracy of the United States of America during the 20th century, as I see it, is a Democracy of principles in a sense that Ideologies are dominant in the United States. There are four dominant Ideologies namely: liberal, conservative, libertarian and populist. I tend to think that the United States view the world as a political area and it is just a mere battle of principles of state governance.