Themes in US and World History Task # 1 Nina Valentin 1. Without the seasonal flooding of the Nile, hunter gatherers in the Predynastic period would never have settled into agricultural villages which would lead to the development of Egyptian culture (history.com). In Ancient Egyptian the majority of the population where farmers. The peasant population depended on the cyclical flooding of the Nile to fertilize the surrounding land for cultivation. Since the majority of the population was based in small farming villages along the Nile, agriculture was the basis for their economy (history.com).
People started working with metal in the Fertile Crescent 7,000 years ago, and because Europe is geographically close to the Fertile Crescent, Europeans inherited this metal technology. But they took this technology on to a new level. European soldiers demanded stronger, longer, sharper swords". To this day they still use tools made from stone, they have no animals to help them farm, and have no strong source of protein because they have no native animals. Their lack in technology advancements help them back from growing their population to a greater number.
This was a means of supporting one another. They also domesticated animals and planted crops which is significant to our way of living today Mesopotamia is one of the first complex societies in the world with tens of thousands of people with different occupations. Social stratification was also in place. Farming year round they used more durable tools unlike those used by Neolithic farmers. Although archaeologists are unsure of who invented the wheel, it appeared during Mesopotamian times.
The Nile River, in particular, was an aspect of agriculture whose impact on African societies would change the way we see it today. The ancient Egyptian civilization developed along the Nile River, where the soil was rich and the agricultural opportunities were plentiful. The Nile River cut through something of an arid landscape, so the people clustered along the riverbanks, where, in addition to farms, they constructed towns and cities. Though we often think of ancient Egypt in terms of massive construction projects, such as the pyramids, most Egyptians lived in smaller towns. Unlike the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, the Nile floods at a predictable time of the year and in relatively predictable stages.
Irrigation from the two rivers made it possible for the early settlers to farm and had abundant crops for trade. Furthermore, the supply of water from the two rivers were used for grazing areas for cattle and sheep. As a result, Mesopotamian had a lot of food variety they can choose from and permitted others to look for different jobs; for example, making clay pots and tools. Thus, new jobs developed and buildings and dams were built (Britannica, 2011) Part B The development of the chariot provides as a great example of diffusion throughout the continents. Chariots was invented in Mesopotamia to carry a driver and an archer for war.
Three of the major ancient civilizations that created important inventions are the Sumerians, the Chinese, and the Egyptians. The Sumerians lived in Mesopotamia, which is now present-day Iraq. The Sumerians changed from hunting and gathering to farming and herding. They wanted to stay in one spot. Because where they lived didn’t get much rain, they created irrigation to water their crops.
Many transformations were experienced through many periods as early humans began using stones, discovered fire, and gathered wild plants and hunted wild animals. Modern humans appeared first in Africa over150, 000 years ago before spreading throughout the world by the end of the Old Stone Age. This lead to the New Stone Age Revolution about 10,000 B.C., with producing food through the domestication of plants and animals in permanent villages where goods were accumulated and traded. The people of the Western world share with people the world these intricate and complex changes that led to the development of a common drive toward what is called civilization. Civilization is known as urban and includes some formal institutions such as the use of writing, religion, art, monumental architecture, law and the production of metal.
to 1500 A.D. The Kush Empire began as an independent state that was established in 2000 BC, and was located just north of the Nile River. Its economy was based on farming until it discovered trade. The Kushites found large deposits of iron. They used it to make tools and weapons, and built a trade empire with its center at Meroe.
It has many tributaries but there are two main ones: the White Nile fed by lake Victoria and the Blue Nile coming from Ethiopian mountains. These two main branches join near Khartoum, the capital of Sudan and they continue together as Nile proper until meeting the Mediterranean Sea and forming the Nile delta in northern Egypt. Around 5000 BC, one of the first great civilizations developed in the northern Nile river valley dependent on agriculture in a land called Egypt. Water; Fertile soil; and river's flow north while prevailing wind blows south made the Nile the best transportation way, were examples of the Nile gifts. Another gift is that every year the flood came bringing disaster and famine due to destroying the crops and their villages.
They controlled the calendar and the planting of crops and presided over the religious festivals and rituals that honored local deities. Many of Britain's Celts came from Gaul, known as the Belgae, who arrived in great numbers and settled in the southeast around 75 BC, brought with them a sophisticated plough that revolutionized agriculture in the rich, heavy soils of their new lands. Their crafts were highly developed; bronze urns, bowls and torques illustrate their metalworking skills. They also introduced coinage to Britain and conducted a lively export trade with Rome and Gaul, including corn, livestock, metals and