A connective tissue sheath known as perichondrium overlies the fre surface of most cartilage. Perichondrium is vascular and its vessles suppl nutients to the cells of the cartilage. Bone- connective tissue consists of cells and exracellular matrix. Consisis of cells nd and extracellular matrix. Special feature of bone is the mineralization of tis matrix with calcium phosphate in the from of hydroxyapatite crystals which produce an extremely hard tissue capable o providing support and protection.
The human skeleton consists of approximately 206 bones all of shapes, sizes and functions. Our skeleton system has 5 main functions. These are to protect our internal organs, support our body shape & posture, and to aid movement. In addition to these basic functions, the human skeleton also performs more complex functions such as the storing of minerals to aid bone growth (e.g. calcium,) and lastly the creation of red blood cells which are used to transport oxygen around the body and to the muscles.
The actual surfaces of the bones that might touch the other are the articulating surfaces, and the cartilage covering those surfaces is called articular cartilage. Periosteum: A dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping the bones except at the surfaces of the joints. Articular cartilage: The cartilage covering the articular surfaces of the bones forming a synovial joint. Also called arthrodial
1. Bone is a very active tissue. Please explain the pathway of how the bone cells get nutrients and oxygen from the blood vessels using the following terms: Periosteum, endosteum, lacunae, lamellae, canaliculi, perforating canals, osteon, Haversian canal (central canal) and trabeculae. How the bone gets the necessary nutrients and oxygen it needs is through an array of microscopic tubes and chambers. In compact bones, blood vessels pass through the bones periosteum, the membrane surrounding the bone, and the endosteum through perpendicular channels known as the perforating canals.
Synovial joints are made up of bones that come together to formulate the joint, the ligaments attach bone to bone and allow for the joint movement to be stable and in the correct direction. 3. What are the functions of the following? Joint Capsule: movements capable by that joint, as well as active stability. Synovial Membrane: protects and lubricates the joint, enabling the joint to move easily.
We use those minerals when we need them, they also sometimes make you fat which means that you have excessive amount of minerals. The skeleton forms a sturdy internal framework of 206 bones and associated tissues - cartilage, tendons, and ligaments. Bones provide the base to which muscles attach and also the leverage required to accomplish external movement. The skeleton protects vital organs such as the brain, spinal cord, heart and lungs. As a living, dynamic tissue, bone stores vitamins and minerals (especially calcium and phosphorus) and houses red bone marrow, which produces blood cells.
The movement of the bones is caused by muscles which pull on tendons that are attached to bone. Cartilage is a hard, smooth tissue that covers the end of bones. Between the cartilages of two bones which form a joint, there is a small amount of thick fluid called synovial fluid. This fluid lubricates the joint which allows smooth movement between the bones. The synovial fluid is made by the synovium.
The joints give the body flexibility and allow movement to occur. Bones: An Overview * Identify the subdivisions of the skeleton as axial or appendicular. * Axial – bones that form the longitudinal axis of the body - skull, vertebral column, ribs, sternum * Appendicular – bones of the limbs and girdles – all others * List at least three functions of the skeletal system. * Support – framework that supports and anchors soft organs * Protection – protect soft organs * Movement – place for skeletal muscles to attach and use bones as levers to move the body * Storage – fat is stored in internal cavities, also stores minerals such as calcium and phosphorus * Blood cell formation – aka hematopoiesis – occurs within the marrow of certain bones * Name the four main kinds of bones. * Long bones – longer than wide with shaft and heads at both ends made mostly of compact bone (dense and looks smooth and homogeneous) – all bones of limbs except wrist and ankle bones * Short bones – cube-shaped and contain mostly spongy bone (small needlelike pieces of bone and lots of open space) – bones of the wrists and ankles, sesamoid bones (form within tendons), and patella
The Skeletal System Abstract The skeletal system is the foundation of the human body. It consists of different sizes and shapes all of which contributes to the movements of the body. Our bones have multifunctional and life sustaining features which include: protection of the vital organs, stores important minerals, produces red blood cells and provides point of attachment for the muscular system. The skeletal system influences our activities of daily living, everything that we do in a daily basis like bathing, feeding, and functional mobility affects each individuals in order to be productive and most importantly, to survive. Diseases such as Arthritis, affects all across the lifespan.
By working together with muscles, the strong, lightweight bones enable movement as well. Also, they protect internal organs – the skull protects the brain; the ribs protect the lungs and heart. In addition, bones produce blood cells and other substances that the body needs. Finally, they store materials like calcium and phosphorus. These make the bones strong, and when the body needs them, the bones release small amounts into the blood.