Water filters from the blood through the kidneys. Urine is also formed through the kidneys (helps remove wastes). When blood enters the kidney from the renal artery, it moves into the glomerulus, where filtration occurs. This is where water and dissolved particles are pulled out of the blood, resulting in a filtrate, which is then collected by the Bowman’s capsule. The nephron itself will then restore the vital nutrients and water back into the blood, while retaining the waste products the needs to eliminate, through the proximal and distal tubules.
Small molecules such as oxygen and carbon dioxide can diffuse in and out of the cells through the phospholipid bilayer; ions and glucose molecules enter and leave the cell via the channel proteins. Waste products such as nitrogenous compounds are carried to the kidneys and are excreted in the form of urine. Antidiuretic hormone, (ADH), is a hormone secreted by the pituitary gland. It is carried by the plasma to the kidney and stimulate the occurrence of water reabsorption. When the body is dehydrated, ADH is released, causing the collecting ducts to become more permeable.
The brain, eyes, heart, lungs and spinal cord are all protected by your skeleton. Your cranium skull protects your brain and eyes, the ribs protect your heart and lungs and your vertebrae spine, backbones protect your spinal cord. Bones provide the structure for muscles to attach so that our bodies are able to move. Tendons are tough inelastic bands that hold attach muscle to bone. There are many differences between the male and female human skeletons.
These fermentative bacterica produce an acidic environment within the tank. These bacteria will further break down the material into ammonia, H2, CO2, H2S, and shorter volatile fatty acids,but alas it is still too big for methane production! So, we go to our next stage to help break it down more. This process is called Acetogenesis. Acetogenesis is the creation of acetate, which is a derivative of acetic acid.
Calcium is needed to make bones hard, which allows them to support your weight. Bones also store calcium and release some into the bloodstream when it's needed by other parts of the body. The amounts of certain vitamins and minerals that an individual eat, especially vitamin D and calcium, directly affects how much calcium is stored in the bones. The diagram below shows long bone which is consist of the parts as following: the diaphysis, the epiphyses, the metaphyses, the articular cartilage, the periosteum, the medullary cavity and the endosteum. Parts of long bone (Reference: www.web-books.com) • Diaphysis is the main or mid section (shaft) of a long bone.
Unlike muscle, however, bones typically will rebuild denser, but remain the same size where is muscles generally increase in size. Joints are also strengthened for exercises such as running or swimming and constantly contracting your joints therefore making them stronger and more flexible. Increased flexibility lowers risks of getting cramps while running or doing any other activity. Bones in your arms and legs are surrounded by muscles so when the muscles around them are
The skeletal system is made up of bones, cartilages, tendons and ligaments. These makes up about 20% of the total body mass. The skeleton , protection (the skull protects the brain and the rib cage supports organs such as heart and lungs), movement, mineral homeostasis (the bones store minerals such as calcium, phosphorus and magnesium), energy storage (the bone serves as an important chemical reserve and stores fats in the yellow marrow of the shaft of long bones) and haematopoiesis (all blood cells are formed in the red bone marrow of certain bones ). The muscles of the skeleton use the bones as levers for body movements and its parts. .
2) Coronary artery disease is usually caused by a build-up of fatty deposits on the walls of the coronary arteries. The fatty deposits, called atheroma, are made up of cholesterol and other waste substances. The build-up of atheroma on the walls of the coronary arteries makes the arteries narrower and restricts the flow of blood to the heart. Cholesterol is a fat made by the liver from the saturated fat that we eat. Cholesterol is essential for healthy cells, but if there is too much in the blood it can lead to CAD.
While some are condemning traditional bottled water, some are busy purchasing alkaline water machines. From personal experiences and from observation of others it is no secret that many people have too much acid in their body, which results in many diseases and ailments. Bad Diets: fried food, soft drinks, sucrose and other sugars build up acid salts in the body. Stress both psychological and physiological, can also form acid deposits in the body. It is said that the body uses the circulatory system to dispose of wastes; these are removed in liquid form, and are often deposited in the lungs and kidneys.
Urea is formed in the liver as an end product of protein metabolism and is carried to the kidneys for excretion. Nearly all kidney diseases cause inadequate excretion of urea, elevating BUN levels in the blood. Urea production will be increased during increased protein catabolism and increased protein digestion or decrease in glomerular filtration rate.Serum urea is measured by enzymatic method.In this method, urea is hydrolyzed enzymatically by urease to yield ammonia and carbon dioxide. The ammonia thus produced is converted to glutamate in a reaction catalyzed by L-glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH).The reaction monitored by measureing the rate of decrease in absorbace at 340nm, due to NADH is oxidized to NAD