Persians vs. Greeks

522 Words3 Pages
How did geography, environment, and contacts with other peoples shape the institutions and values of Persians and Greeks? In both ancient Persia and Greece, societies originated in areas of land with poor resources. Ancient Iran was an arid, harsh land with little water, and so a strong central authority was required to organize the resources and manpower to adapt to the environment. The Persians gained their power and eventually their empire through the overthrowing of a Median monarch. The Greeks, however, were located on a peninsula and had easy access to foreign peoples and markets abroad over the Aegean Sea. Their interaction and trade with other cultures exposed them to new ideas and stimulated the formation of a Greek identity, and an interest in knowledge. The institutions and values of Persia and Greece were both fundamentally altered through their interaction with other peoples, which came about because of their geographic location and environmental conditions. Ancient Iran was a harsh, arid land with few natural resources, and early humans living there had to find ways to use limited water resources. Royal authority was developed to organize the resources and manpower to construct underground irrigation channels. This type of government was used for the duration of the Persian Empire. The Greek culture, however, came into being only because of trade with foreign peoples. They were located on lands surrounding the Mediterranean Sea, and thus used the broad expanse of water to transport people and goods faster and cheaper. The sea also exposed early Greeks to foreign cultures. Iranians in 550 B.C.E. existed in a warrior environment, with their king being the most “illustrious” warrior. Unsurprisingly, the king Cyrus went to war in western Asia, redrawing the map, probably because of those warrior values. The environment in
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