Peter Townsend is a Sociologist and is one of the founders of CPAS’s, in 1979 Townsend defined poverty as people and families who lack basic things in life such as food and types of diet, not good living conditions and facilities. In the UK poverty it is caused by a range of factors which work together and result in inadequate resources. We examined how people perceive child poverty and how growing up in poverty affects children. It also addresses some of the underlying causes of child poverty. Findings • More children experience poverty than previously thought.
Another explanation of poverty is the poverty cycle. The poverty cycle means that poverty is passed on through generations. In the poverty cycle, children who are born into poverty have a deprived childhood - they experience material and cultural deprivation, and as a result of this they are less likely to do well at school, gain qualifications and stay in education beyond the minimum school leaving age. This means that their future opportunities are limited because their lack of qualifications means that the jobs available to them are mostly unskilled and low-paid. Consequently, they are likely to live in poverty as adults.
Vulnerable mothers that do not finish getting their education become discouraged and loose the motivation and drive to tackle the oncoming challenges that life brings, creating for them another barrier on the micro level; it being a financial barrier. “Poverty and economic loss diminish the capacity for supportive, consistent, and involved parenting and render parents more vulnerable to the debilitating effects of negative life events” (Vonnie C. McLoyd, 1990 p.311). Not being financially stable brings on a lot of stress that impacts the relationship between the mother and child. Education has a large impact on a person’s life and it can change it for the better.
One possible explanation for the causation between poverty and negative social behaviours is that many impoverished families are single parent households with less parental supervision (Moore, 2009 p.4). Another explanation is that many impoverish families live in low-income neighbourhoods and children don’t get to experience the social norms that many people take for granted. For example, “homicide rates are highest in areas of extreme poverty, and children exposed to such violence are at greater risk of psychosocial difficulties, such as internalizing behaviours and acting out behaviours” (Moore, 2009,
Mothers and childrenAshford universityHCA430: pecial Populations Instructor: Dawn Deem | | | | Shamika McMillan | April 28, 2013 | | Without adequate resources, there is no hope for improvement. Women and children in America are vulnerable. Young mothers become vulnerable due to lack of education and resources to support themselves and their children. The lack of resources that are not available to this vulnerable population are causing children and mothers to live in low income high crime areas with inadequate healthcare and a small chance of obtaining an education. Community based programs are one way to tackle issues facing communities, that if not properly addressed will only worsen.
‘The Cause and Effect of Poverty in the UK’ Poverty People don’t always understand the causes and effects of this so called ‘poverty’ so that’s why I’m going to explain it. A simple definition of poverty would be; “The state of being extremely poor/ the state of being inferior in quality or insufficient in amount.” Poverty is often highlighted as humans not been able to obtain compulsory features of life such health care, education and in some cases, the essential needs such as water, warmth and shelter. Millions and millions of people, as well as children, face these problems on a daily basis in the UK. Just to get an exact number of these ‘millions’, a study said 2.2 million children and two million working age adults were living in absolute poverty in 2009-10! Causes and effects of Poverty A starting point for causing poverty can be as simple as early age pregnancies.
A Childs home can have an effect on their physical and mental health, making them more vulnerable to illness or disability due to poor diet or quality of food. Children can become a target for bullying as a result to poor hygiene or clothing and will make them feel they are not good enough. 1.2 Explain the importance and impact of poverty on outcomes and life changes for children and young people. Poverty is one of the five every child matters outcomes, is for families to achieve economic well- being. Poverty can impact on a Children’s life chances and outcomes.
For example, 14,000 kids have been positively affected by the Michigan Earned Income tax credit, but because it has been cut by 14%, low-income youth are unable to receive the benefits (kidscount). Youth in families that are receiving unemployment are affected because unemployment was cut from 26 weeks to 20 weeks and cash assistance has become more difficult to receive (kidscount). Poverty affects the youth in many ways, such as their family life and education. Many children are neglected in cases of low-income families. 32,500 children have been neglected in 2010, and in Ingham County 42 percent of children have been abused or neglected (milhs.org).
Poverty is known to be the major cause of school dropouts. The inability to pay school tuitions and fees, to purchase books, and to have the opportunity to enroll in good high schools and universities lead people harshly to leave school. In addition, recent research reveals that a huge amount of school dropouts is the result of poverty, and it does not enable people to enroll in good high school and universities, whereas government is putting a blind eye. In fact, we can notice a lot of poor people in the rural regions who are complaining most of the time that they do not have enough money to afford tuitions simply because these families earn the minimum salary. Students who live and study in an unusual way cannot outperform at school, and this is one reason in which students decide to leave school.
This leaves the family open to exploitation as they lack the resources to alter their circumstances to be able to move out of poverty. Families living in poverty are considered disadvantaged in society due to seeing them as the under classed citizens of the general population. Families frequently suffer economic disadvantage (hardship) and low living standards as they can’t afford the necessities and experience real deprivation and hardship in everyday life (Issues in society, Poverty, p1). Who is likely to be affected by poverty? There are high rates of poverty among families experiencing unemployment, single parent families and indigenous families.