Psychosocial theory states that we all have a variety of identities that are combined to make one coherent vision of self. In this theory our social and personal identities are linked, due to the fact that we need others to view us the same way over a period of time. Psychosocial theorists believe that adolescence is a time of psychosocial moratorium as young people will try various identities until finally committing to a clear vision of who they are. In other words the adolescent has achieved ego identity. Role diffusion is how Erikson defined the failure to achieve ego identity (Phoenix, 2007).
In what ways does ‘Pathways Theory’ inform your understanding of how young people become involved in, and desist from, offending behaviour? Where possible make reference to your own practice. In this assignment I aim to discuss my understanding of ‘Pathways Theory’, its validity and furthermore the way in which it informs practice in predicting recidivism. Elder et al 2001 (cited in France and Homel, p.298) refers to ‘Pathways Theory’ as theoretical and empirical work in the field of life course studies and the developmental sciences, including developmental psychology, life span sociology and psychology, life history research and studies of the life cycle. I aim to highlight how ‘Pathways Theory’ influences the Youth Justice System coupled with the Scaled approach furthermore my knowledge and understanding of offending behaviour as a Youth Offending Officer within my practice, that of my team.
Part 1 Describe the similarities and differences in the way identity is conceptualised by the psychosocial theory of identity and social identity theory This essay will look into some similarities and differences within two main identity theories. The psychosocial theory introduced by German psychoanalyst Erik Erikson (1902- 1994) and developed by an American psychologist James Marciaand, also Social Identity Theory introduced by European Jew Henri Tajfel (1919- 1982). Dorothy Miell, Ann Phoenix and Kerry Thomas, (2007) explain that the way we see and describe ourselves together with how we think others see us is a definition of identity. Identity is a very complex topic within psychology and has been studied in deep for many years. Psychosocial theory recognises personal and social element of identity however Erikson seen them as interlinked and treated them separately.
Foundations of Psychology Paper PSY/300 Psychology is made up of numerous schools of thought, structuralism, functionalism, psychodynamic, behaviorist, cognitive, and evolutionary. All of these schools of thought have different assumptions which sometimes offer contradicting facts and sometimes offer facts which compliment each other (Kowalski & Westen, 2009). In this paper the six schools of thought found within psychology and their major assumptions will be discussed, along with the primary biological foundations of psychology which are linked to behavior. The first school of thought in psychology is structuralism. Structuralism was developed by a man named Edward Titchener who was a student of Wilhem Wundt.
What is autobiographical memory? Illustrate your answer with some examples from research. Anastasia – Isavella Tsipa (ps11ait@leeds.ac.uk) School of Psychology, University of Leeds When speaking about the term autobiographical memory, many of us would be able to some extent, give a logic – based definition by using simple words and examples drawn from everyday life. Scientifically though, the procedure of studying and defining autobiographical memory (or episodic memory) is not a simple one. In this essay, the basic characteristics of autobiographical memory will be studied, the organization and types of autobiographical memory will be discussed, the interaction between language processing and learning will be explored and issues such as infantile amnesia, the awareness of self and brain development, will be examined.
Those theories examined behaviors, experiences, emotions, and the cognitive development of an individual (Goodman, 2008). The Exploration of Psychological Concepts and Theory Psychology is old, yet new, as the premodernism, modernism, and postmodernism eras are crucial times within the field of psychology. Psychology is a field of study that focuses on experimentation, the mental processes, and healing as well as the overall behaviors of an individual. Knowing the history of psychology is essential because knowing about the experiences of the past will help individuals understand how the present came to be (Goodman, 2008). Becoming familiar with the past also explains how individuals came to various conclusions about their field of study.
The second concept, coming out of C.G. Jung's analytical psychology, describes the process in which the individual Self develops out of an undifferentiated unconscious. It is a developmental, psychical process, the process whereby the innate elements of personality, the different experiences of a person's life and the different aspects and components of the immature psyche become integrated over time into a well-functioning whole. [citation needed] There is a region where the two could be said to blur into each other, but it is important to recognize that they are in fact speaking of two different (though related) things. [citation needed] According to Jungian psychology, individuation is a process of psychological integration, having for its goal the development of the individual personality.
Kohlberg’s Theory PSYCH 600 November 4, 2013 Dr. Judy Pendleton Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development Moral development is a topic that has been researched for many years. It is an interesting topic in psychology as well as education itself. Moral development is the formation of a system of underlying assumptions about standards and principles that govern moral decisions, ("Moral Development-Stages Of Moral Development," 2013). Lawrence Kohlberg who developed his theory based on another psychologist’s theory Jean Piaget developed the best theory of understanding moral development. Moral development is the process of making decisions based on what is right or wrong.
Erik Erikson believed that crises during stages of life need to be resolved before moving on to the next stage in order for healthy development. Erikson claimed that before adolescence, the child establishes a sense of identity but that this is challenged by the physical and intellectual changes of adolescence. Erikson sees adolescence as the fifth stage of psychosocial development, where the adolescent experiences role confusion, for example about careers, religion and political beliefs. The adolescent is trying to work out who they really are, and how they are seen by other people. Erikson introduced the idea of a psychosocial moratorium which is a temporary suspension of activity.
The Self: Conception and Aspects Psych 555 University of Phoenix The Self: Conception and Aspects The self and all its aspects are an integral part of social psychology. Learning more about the self fosters our understanding of ourselves as individuals and others in general. Acknowledging the self and attempting to understand it may have important evolutionary potential as the understanding leads to group membership (Fiske, 2010). The self is a fluid concept with static components. An individual’s identity may shift and evolve over time but have characteristics that remain the same.