In addition, the author will expand on the personal theoretical perspective of how she feels her knowledge will contribute to her psychological society. Influence of Diversity To completely understand human nature is to understand the psychological discipline, which evolved from the roots of philosophy. The complexity of this needed more than one specific perspective that later on led to various divisions of development within the discipline. There are 54 subdivisions in the psychological approach that are recognized through the America Psychological Association (APA) today (Cherry, 2012). Some subdivisions include other branches of perspectives of an individual’s behavior; such as environmental psychology, developmental psychology, educational psychology, psychodynamic, and cognitive behavior influence the perceptions of human behavior.
It was referred to as phrenology, and is primarily concerned with the localization of brain function. Franz Josef Gall was a phrenologist who could prove his theory of contra lateral function which believed that the right side of the brain controlled the left side of the body and vice versa. New innovative advancements during the 19th century allowed for new clinical studies to be performed that allowed scientists and psychologists to study individuals with mental illnesses and brain damage. If we wouldn’t had the advancements in the 19th century scientists and psychologists would have continued to struggle to prove theories on the basis of ideas rather than scientific evidence. Conclusion The history of todays psychology has been influenced by many important people throughout time.
Science had development the MRI machine, giving researchers a way to measure brain activity. In further research, found was that mental processes and states could possibly be measured because of the functions these machines could do (Cognitive Processes Classes, 1997). Because all the studies that were produced due to the new technology that science had given, cognitive psychology was defined and the study of human cognition was well on its way to new theories and answers (Cognitive Processes Classes, 1997). Cognitive science, in definition, can be defined as a scientific study of intelligence and the mind (Encyclopedia-Cognitive Science, 2003). Almost every introduction made formally of cognitive science stresses that psychology, neuroscience, education, philosophy, linguistics, biology, anthropology, and computer science are principal branches to the scientific research of cognitive science (Encyclopedia-Cognitive Science, 2003).
Gilligan also felt that Erikson had a male bias in his study. She felt that is was her duty to prove that women weren’t just “moral midgets” and had similar mental development stages as privileged white men. Erikson was first to propose that children were more than just simple biological organisms, but also products of their environment. Erikson believed that humans develop throughout their entire life. He believed that there are eight main stages that a human must go through in order to be mentally healthy.
A. Reflect on the important scientific practices of (1) Constructing Explanations and (2) Using Mathematics, Information and Computer Technology, and Computational Thinking by doing the following: 1. Define each of the two scientific practices. 2. Discuss specific examples of how you used each of these two scientific practices during the laboratory activities.
Lynch and Richards (2010) stated, “He has added significantly to our understanding of clinical and theoretical issues and provided us with wise input on complex group, organizational, and political dilemmas” (p. 1). Within this article, the importance of psychoanalysis is highlighted as well as the reasoning behind Rangell’s interest within psychology. Rangell was fascinated with Freud’s findings, especially taking interest in the study of anxiety, and went beyond Freud’s research to satisfy his own curiosities. The article informs the reader of Rangell’s journey, what he discovered, and the major influence he was to psychoanalysis. Moreira (2012) stated, “Humanistic-phenomenological psychotherapy is a contemporary development of person-centered therapy” (p. 3).
I will be taking a look at some of the criticisms of the theory as well as the good points of Rogers’s theory, and although there are some critics of the theory there is no doubt that Rogers’s approach to counselling is an in-valuable part in the history of the humanistic thinking. Born in the US in 1902 Rogers developed his theory from his experience while working as a clinical psychologist with children, and in the early days it was known as client centred therapy. Person centred therapy is a non-directive therapy which allows the client to be in control of the content of the session, this is known as client autonomy. During the therapy sessions the counsellor does not offer advice in any form and must be completely non-judgemental towards their client in every way. It is thought that the person centred theory allows for the client to look deeper in to themselves and that client autonomy will bring about change and healing without giving the direction or advice that other theories do.
Cognitive Psychology Definition Paper Stella Cook August 20, 2012 Terry Hancock PhD University of Phoenix School of Social Science What is cognitive psychology? Cognitive psychology is the one most important part of scientific psychological field, and has the intention to study human thoughts (Wilhelm Wundt) was the first psychologist to use this method. The progression of cognitive psychology and clarity of the academic process by which one gains knowledge through observation and thoughts are the most important part of the scientific study of cognitive psychology. Cognitive Psychology is one important part of psychology, which is considered a major approach within the thought of psychology and is a distinction with a behavioral view and observation to psychology and the learning issues of human behavior and the theoretical view focuses on a person’s unconscious mind and the focus on interpersonal views, their personal growth, and relationships (Cunia, 2005). The brain and cognitive functions, cognitive psychology has an array of many viewpoints, according to Willingham (2007).
In cultural psychology the mental processes are compared with the society and the individual who has grown up in that society. Comparatively, cross-cultural psychologists systematically research behavior across cultures in different cultural situations (Shiraev & Levy, 2010). Critical Thinking Critical thinking in cross-cultural psychology is important because cross-cultural psychology is about identifying the similarities and differences in individuals and how they function in his or her culture. Critical thinking is about making realistic, valid and reasonable evidence. Critical thinking is described as maintaining an attitude that is open=minded and doubtful (Shiraev & Levy, 2010).
Plagiarism Exercise “… In an effort to better understand how adults learn, adult learning theories are derived to help theorists and practitioners by providing workable and testable explanations of the learning process. These theories seek to explain how the process of learning as an adult differs from learning as a child. They focus on describing how various social, psychological, emotional, and physiological factors affect adult learning. To that end, ideas generated by educators, sociologists, and psychologists all contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the adult learner and how to create a learning environment that is most suitable to their unique needs…” (Snyder, 2009). QUESTIONS: 1.