The root of this decision lies in the pirate activity of the four African Barbary states (Document D). When Tripoli demanded the US buy protection in order to stop the naval harassment, Jefferson refused, negating the views of other Federalists who would have done differently. Tripoli declared war on the United States, and Jefferson was forced to augment the size of the navy in order to defeat the Barbary pirates. The Louisiana Purchase is another course of action taken by Jefferson known for contradicting his strict constructionist views. Neglecting the fact that there is no clause in the Constitution permitting him to purchase land, Jefferson used Napoleon’s European conquest to help him get rid of New World worries.
In order for the world to be free, the Truman Administration suggested that Indochina no longer be communist. America getting involved into Indochina ran into its tradition of anticolonialism however, it ignored this somewhat to support France. After the French army won, America then wanted Indochina’s independence. America came up with “Operation Eggshell” in which France was urged to give Indochina independence while continuing the anticommunist war. By 1952, the National Security Council formalized the Domino Theory by describing a military attack on Indochina as being dangerous.
Policymakers in the US were not interested in peace, but rather what they could get out of peace. When it came to negotiating, they blatantly denied Britain’s proposal to allow their Native American allies to stay in their Midwest territories when such a limitation would require the ever growing population of the States to sacrifice precious farmland. Also, the British conceded valuable fishing rights to the American government for the Gulf of Saint Lawrence. The treaty did not even mention the problem of impressments that the US tried to pass as justification for declaring war in the first place. The participation in this war also resulted in an explosion within the US Navy that made future overseas endeavors possible, and the United States gained serious respect from European powers that had previously noted the budding country as a cute experiment.
The Proclamation of 1763 was the first to anger the colonist. In order to assure the Indians that settlers would not invade tribal lands, Britain emphasized colonist not to expand to the westward region. Shortly after, the use of writs of assistance, which allowed customs to search anywhere without the used of a warrant, placed a major infringement upon colonial natural rights. The Sugar Act (established at the same time) was an attempt to discourage smuggling by lowering the price of molasses below smugglers cost. It also stated that exports could only go through British ports before being sold to foreign countries.
A major event occurring in foreign policy was that of Jay’s Treaty. This landmark was a disaster in American eyes that did practically nothing at all for improvement. Chief Justice John Jay was sent to England to discuss the issue of seizures of American vessels and the impressment of American sailors. Coming to the table with a weak hand as it was, Hamilton even informed England as to Jay’s plans as to have the upper hand in the negotiations. All the treaty established was that the British were to remove their troops and strongholds on northern American territory, already had been stated at the convention of Paris ending the War for Independence; the Treaty gave that the English would redeem the American for any losses but did not mention whether they would seize to do so in the future and no declaration of the impressments at all; also it allowed for the right of England’s ability to place tariffs on American exports while giving them a more favorable import status in the Unites states.
Henry had a very aggressive policy on France throughout his rein until he eventually decided on trying to become the peacemaker of Europe. Henry wanted to regain the lost territory in northern France so he could be seen as a Great War lord with visions of honour and glory but also to challenge Henry V’s title of the last great English warrior. The first sign of this aim being put into place is the first French war from 1512-1514. However the first expedition on June 1512 was a disastrous failure as Ferdinand of Aragon didn’t hold up his end of the deal for an allied invasion. This shows Henrys naivety in foreign policy and the other European powers were using him to benefit themselves whilst sending him to his downfall.
After this war, Spain assured improvements, but the nationalists did not believe they would cooperate. In 1895 when another rebellion led by Cuban nationalists took action, the Spaniards sent about 200,000 soldiers to Cuba. The Cubans reacted by damaging any property that belonged to Spain such as the sugar mills and fields hoping this would make the Spaniards retrieve their land or so the U.S can intervene in this disaster. A year later, Spain sent General Weyler to put down those nationalists in Cuba. He decided to build concentration camps and
The Trent Affair, also known as the Mason and Slidell Affair, was an international diplomatic incident that occurred during the American Civil War. On November 8, 1861, the USS San Jacinto, commanded by Union Captain Charles Wilkes, intercepted the British mail packet RMS Trent and removed, as contraband of war, two Confederate diplomats, James Mason and John Slidell. The envoys were bound for Great Britain and France to press the Confederacy’s case for diplomatic recognition by Europe. The initial reaction in the United States was to rally against Britain, threatening war; but President Abraham Lincoln and his top advisors did not want to risk war. In the Confederate States, the hope was that the incident would lead to a permanent rupture in Anglo-American relations and even diplomatic recognition by Britain of the Confederacy.
While the sale of the territory by Spain back to France in 1800 went largely unnoticed, fear of an eventual French invasion spread nationwide when, in 1801, Napoleon sent a military force to secure New Orleans. Southerners feared that Napoleon would free all the slaves in Louisiana, which could trigger slave uprisings elsewhere. [8] Though Jefferson urged moderation, Federalists sought to use this against Jefferson and called for hostilities against France. Undercutting them, Jefferson took up the banner and threatened an alliance with Britain, although relations were uneasy in that direction. [8] In 1801 Jefferson supported France in its plan to take back Saint-Domingue, then under control of Toussaint Louverture after a slave rebellion.
I personally think that Henry failed in his foreign policy because he didn’t end up gaining a full grasp on France, this was the main precedence. The initial aim was to capture more land, gaining more land meaning capturing France and knowing Henry’s ambitious mindset, he most probably had his whole mind set on creating an empire and France was a good place to start. Had Henry been what he said he was ‘a warrior king’ he wouldn’t have been used as a toy twice throughout this unsuccessful foreign policy. Charles took advantage of Henry. At the Battle of Pavia, the French were defeated and Francis along with his strongest supporters were held captive.