Teaching Assistant Unit 3.1

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Explain the sequence and rate of each aspect of development from birth to 19 years When working with children and young people, it is useful to have an idea of typical development for their age. Babies at birth: Babies are born with many reflexes which are actions they perform without thinking, many reflexes are linked to survival. Exmaples of what you might observe: Physical: • Swallowing and sucking reflexes: these ensure that the baby can feed and swallow milk • Rooting reflex: The baby will move its head to look for a nipple or teat if its cheek or mouth is touched, this helps the baby find milk. • Grasp reflex: babies will automatically put their fingers around a object that touched the palm of their hand. • Startle reflex: when babies hear a sudden sound or see a sudden bright light they will react by moving their arms outwards and clenching their hands. Congnitive: Babies recognise the smell and sound of their mothers voice Commuication: babies cry when they are hungry, tired or distressed. Social, emotional, and behavioural: contact between primary carer and baby especially when feeding. Babies at 1 month: in the 1st month of a babies life they will have usually have started to settle into a pattern, they will still sleep at lot but will gradually start to be awake for longer periods of time. They cry to communicate and parents will start to recognise the different types of cries. Examples of what you may observe: Physical: babies look less curled up and startle less Cognitive: Babies stop crying because they hear a familiar voice Communication: Babies coo when contented Social, emotional and behavioural: Fleeting smiles when asleep. Babies at 3months: Babies from 3months will have grown in height and weight and some will have learnt the difference between day and night, and are able to sleep throughout the night. They are less

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