The paper will describe the role of personality in affecting situational behavior by comparing and contrasting both approaches. The paper will also examine the personality characteristics of each theory and explain the interpersonal relational aspects of each theory. Personality in Affecting Situational Behavior A person’s personality makes the person who he or she is. Theorists of personality tend to theorize that a person’s personality is unique to the person and is how the person acts or reacts to his or her environment. The differences in each person’s personality may lead one person to react to a situation differently then another person.
The other point is understanding the individual differences in personality characteristics, such as irritability or sociability. Personality psychology is studying how we are each unique. This is focusing on how human beings are different in terms of fundamental psychological traits. After we uncover the trait; finding out how they are discovered is next. Finding out what impacts a person during their lifetime and drives their motivation.
He believed that people develop constructs as internal ideas of reality to help them understand the world around them and that the way the world is viewed is based on individual experiences, interpretations and observations. This essay will also look closely at the work from Hans Eysenck and Stanley Rachman on Trait Theory (1965) and Phillida Salmon (2003) who developed George Kelly’s Personal Construct Theory further by relating it to teaching. It will also discuss the interrogative themes of Power Relations, Situation Knowledge and Agency Structure. The strengths and weaknesses of both approaches will be critically compared along with looking at the contrasts of both hoping to offer an explanation to the above statement ‘The traits that we think we find in others represent our personal construction of them’ (Butt, 2012, p.53). Theories of personality were developed around a century ago in three different strands known as clinical, psychometric and experimental traditions, although all separate they seek to explain behaviour and the individual differences in the way people react to the same situation.
Abstract Psychology examines different areas of development for individuals, groups, and cultures. Psychosocial development is one concept found in psychology that examines the physiological and behavioral development of an individual. Individuals display respond differently to life experiences. The author will explore a case study and identify the psychosocial crisis present for the individual, family, or student. Upon reviewing the case study, the author will assume the role of a mental health counselor and apply lifespan theories to identify critical periods of transition for individuals involved.
Cognitive psychologists believe that mental processes and stored representations of the world determine behaviour and are central to human experience. Psychologists see the mind as a complex machine – where they believe that it is useful to model mental processes using an information-processing approach whereby: Information is examined from the outside world is received and encoded, Storage and representation of this information to ourselves, Ways in which this information is manipulated and used by the individual, And how we output information back into the world to be received by others. Many
* What roles do genetics and environment play in personality development? According to B.F. Skinner “a person does not act upon the world, the world acts upon him” Therefore, if the environment shapes the person, than a just and happy society should produce just and happy citizens. (McAdams, 2006) It is my belief that not only does the environment play an important role in personality development genetics are just as important. The role ones family plays in their development helps to develop the person as a whole. An example of this theory would be the way a child is raised, if the parents are loving and attentive to the child’s needs the child in most cases will grow and develop into an adult who is caring and loving; however if the parents are distant and non-attentive to the child the child will most likely grow into an adult with a form of attachment disorder in which there is little concern for the wants and feelings of others.
In this paper we will examine how each theory views personality development, characteristics, and traits. We will look at how each theorist views interpersonal relationships as well as how these theories can and are used in clinical or workplace settings today. Personality Analysis: Allport and Maslow There are many theories associate with the development of personality such as Humanistic, Existential and Individual theories. Each theory attempts to address the components of what makes an individual’s personality the way it is and attempts to use this theory to understand or better predict behavior. In this paper we will examine the ideas of personality development through the views of Abraham Maslow and Gordon Allport.
People vary in many characteristics, including cognitive, affective, motivational, and ability factors. 4. Two interpretations of situations are important: a) the objective situation b) the person’s subjective view of the situation Behavior | The person | The environment | Skills and abilities | Organization | Personality | Work group | Perception | Job | Attribution | Personal life | Attitudes | | Values | | Ethics | | * Interactional approach – The combination of the person and the environment. SKILLS AND ABILITIES * General mental ability (GMA) – is the individual’s innate cognitive intelligence. * Emotional intelligence (EI) – is an ability of particular leaders.
The first function of the family is the educational function which is one of the four theorised functions according to George Peter Murdock. The educational function is an important social institution as it allows parents to provide a stable environment where children can be socialised into the culture of their society. Talcott Parsons similarly identifies this as part of Primary Socialisation where children are essentially educated on the typical norms and values of a society. This means that from their parents, children can learn discipline, obedience, manners etc. Functionalists believe that it is functional in all families however they do not consider the darker side such as, domestic violence, neglect, which can drastically affect the educational function of the family as the child is not learning in a safe environment.
Their disciplinary methods are supportive, rather than punitive. They want their children to be assertive as well as socially responsible, and self-regulated as well as cooperative" (Baumrind, 1991, p. 62). Although most parents use a combination of all four styles of parenting, the basic principles of authoritative parenting are very effective. Parents all have different parenting styles and for those that do not have children, they know how they want to raise their children. Two individuals that have children and two individuals that have not had children were interviewed and asked these four questions; “What makes an effective parent?’ ‘How do you know if you were an effective parent?’ ‘Which of the four parenting styles do you feel is most effective?’ and ‘Which style of parenting were you brought up with and do you wish you would have had been