People running for the House are your “Average Joes”, but typically involved in politics throughout their state. PAC and individuals fund both, but also a huge part comes from corporations. Race competiveness for Senate seats seem to have a greater impact by campaign money according to Aaron Blake’s What Swing States. Practically every state included in the list for the 2012 election that had a chance of switching sides included mention of the number of fundraising dollars raised by the competing candidates in those states. Candidates with a fundraising advantage were rendered as more likely to win or maintain the Senate seat for their party.
05.11: Module Five Milestone 1. Why did political parties and special interest groups’ form? What roles do they play in shaping public policy? - Interest groups manipulate the public policy by lobbying by their own special interest that think have thought about. The main way they have an effect on public policy, they supply evidence to the legislators/ the political parties.
Queen or King is a head of state, but they don’t have much power and prime minister is head of government. Also people vote in general elections for MP‘s to present them. Who is entitled to stand People who want to put themselves forward to be an MP must be 18 years old, British citizen, Republic of Ireland or Commonwealth citizen free to remain. Certain people can’t become an MP’s and that is because if they’ve had bankruptcy , remains undercharged in Scotland, served in prison more than 12 months or civil servants, judges, people who work in police and armed forces. However, those who can stand for an election must pay £500 deposit and they must be nominated by 10 electors of the constituency they wish to stand in except they wish to stand as an individual.
His budget proposed; increased incomes tax on incomes over £3,000 a year, a new super tax on incomes over £5,000 a year, increased death duties on estates of over £5,000 a year,and new land taxes, indirect taxes on luxury goods such as petrol, beer and cars. Lloyd George wanted to increase revenue and he believed in the redistribution of weath from rich to poor, however, he probably had other motives for launching such a controversial budget as well. He needed to show the working class votes that they didn’t need to vote for the Labour Party to achieve economic and social reform and perhaps more importantly he wanted to punish the conservatives for their opposition of the Lords – something that they resented greatly. Previously the Conservative domination of the House of Lords caused no problems however once the Liberals came into power the Lords could use the power to wreck their legislation. After the Liberal Landslide in 1906, the Conservatives were practically powerless in the House of Commons, but they decided to use the permanent conservative majority in the Lords to block the policies of the new Liberal government and so by doing this they could show that they still had control over the country.
Another example is when Britain joined a referendum by becoming a part of the E.U. This was very controversial because the UK is a democracy and without the consultation of the people, the UK no longer seems democratic. Elective dictatorship ties in with another reason which is time lag. Time lag plays an important role in the UK as it takes 5 years before another general election is held. This is criticised because the current political party in power have the ability to make their own decisions for the UK before listening to what the people want.
Jerrod Coulter Ap Gov Pd.8 PAC’S are groups of people or companies who are likeminded forming political committees to fund certain political purposes. These PAC’s are perfectly legal however they are undermining our government by swaying political leaders to lean towards protecting their interest in return for more money. In this way the roles that these groups fill is no more than to slow down and distort our political process for their own agenda. I argue that PAC’s are the biggest threat to our Republic’s democratic process currently. Big oil and coal is major political influence in America and it’s very evident, very recently at a meeting of the United States house committee of science, space, and technology.
4. Electorate: all of the people entitled to vote in a given election 5. Sectionalism: the practice of giving offices and other favors of government to political . Summary In the history, there were parties, which was Federalist and anti-Federalist. Federalist was led by Alexander Hamilton, which believed that government should have more power.
This growth has meant that political activity has shifted towards pressure groups. This is incredibly important, as we need to question whether this change will increase or decrease political participation. Pressure group members are usually more active than those who simply are members of a political party. For example, Fathers 4 Justice is incredibly active, painting people purple outside Parliament, for example. The nature of political groups means they can actively do this and commit acts that MPs would not be seen to do because of the nature of their role.
The UK government in recent years has had to resort to financial cutbacks due to the recession, especially funds for the public services. This had has a large impact on the public services, majority of them being negative. An example could be there have been many Fire station closures within the UK. The fire service in recent years has vastly improved, this can be show by the number of fires is annually decreasing. This means the government does not see the need to have as many fire men/women and therefore made many redundant and closed down fire stations in order to save money.
Depending on the resources at their disposal and the power and influence they are able to wield there are varying degrees constraints encountered by political actors as well as promising opportunities to assert authority1. The post-Cold War dynamic has paved the way for a diverse array of politically activated groups, which have broken away from the tradition political units, such as the nation state, and created a new idea of what constitutes a ‘political actor’ 2. Therefore the term ‘political actor’ is in need of definition, and specification, in order to clarify what groups can be classed as political actors as well as which groups will be considered in this essay. In general terms political actors can be thought of as individuals or groups of people who react to pressures within a society and drive for change or attempt to prevent change in order to uphold the views of those they represent3. These individuals or groups fall into many categories in the contemporary political arena where decreased transactions costs make communication far quicker and cheaper than ever before and the ease with which people can travel allows the constant exchange of ideas and action.