The senses of a child are very sensitive. “Newborns have open eyes, sensitive ears, and responsive noses, tongues and skin” (Berger, 2007 p.136). Infants use their senses to sort and classify their many experiences. Freud focused on the oral stage. Oral fixation theory is known to stimulate the need for a child to suck, eat, drink, chew, bite or ramble excessively.
Ex: Lack of oxygen during birth will affect the development of the baby. Health problems - If a child suffers from health issues such as asthma, it may make them unable to take part in activities which will affect the over roll development. A child with Learning difficulties, physical disabilities or sensory deficiencies (blindness and deafness)will make it unable for them to socialize and work with other children which is a major part in helping their development, also they could be withdrawn and make them feel like they don’t belong. Explain how children and young people’s development is influenced by a range of external factors External factors also effect a child’s development Poverty and deprivation This directly affects the development of a child since poverty and deprivation means lack of proper accommodation and food. The exposure to unhealthy environment and food increase the chance of children coming in to contact with infectious diseases.
It is important for each word to be effective in the process of hypnosis, and the preferred and most effective language will be different for each person, due to individual differences. This is why personalised inductions are important. Messages need to be delivered to clients in words, rather than body language (Chrysalis, 2010), and this will be more effective when the words used are more personal to the client so they can relate to the words they are hearing and create more real imagery with a comfortable and safe experience. This comfortable and safe experience can be created in personalised inductions with the use of modalities. Modalities are used by altering the language to suit personality and client individuality.
When an infant has had an attachment and it has been broken. There is research done into deprivation by Bowlby. This is his Maternal deprivation hypothesis, which stated the belief that if an infant was unable to build a "warm, intimate, continuous relationship with its mother", it would then result in having difficulties building relationships with other people and also the risk of behavioural disorders. This hypothesis says that relationships that are discontinuous or where there are separations becomes unstable which causes the development of the relationship to be disrupted. It focuses on how important an relationship between a mother and child is.
9 | Physical | Intellectual | Emotional | Social | | Infancy 0-3 years | | | | | Infants (birth to age 1) and toddlers (ages 1-2) grow quickly: bodily changes are rapid and profound, physical development refers to biological changes that children undergo as they age. Important aspects that determine the progress of physical development in infancy and toddlerhood include physical and brain changes, development of reflexes, motor skills, sensations, receptions and learning skills. Babies learn how to control their muscles and movements. Motor control develops from their head, moves down through the arms and the trunk and then to the legs and feet. Babies’ movements are reflective in nature, turning their heads to the side when you
if the mother smokes, drinks or abuses drugs the baby could be harmed at this time or even if the maternal anxiety & stress could influence development. Infections that the mother may pick up such as rubella can create difficulties for the developing baby. A child’s development can also be influenced by when their born and during the birth. Some babies are born prematurely and this can play a part in their later development, this is one reason premature babies progress is measured according to the date they were due to be born rather than their actual birth date. External factors Poverty, this affects children and their families in a variety of ways for example, education: lack of opportunities can affect life outcomes, children from low-income families are less likely to do well academically due to the fact of potential of reduced access to quality education and the best schools as well as limited access to a variety of books, equipment plus internet.
For example infants that are born severely mentally retarded share some of the same qualities with anencephalic infants such as lack of motor skills and bowel or bladder control. There are also concerns with using the organs of anencephalic infants like if the organs such as the heart, liver, and kidneys will successfully continue to properly function. When an anencephalic infant is born there is some autonomic brain function and some reflexes however the organs can’t be removed until the infant has been certified dead. There is a need to save infants lives that are dying from liver, renal, and cardiac diseases but is it right to take the life of an existing infant because of their abnormality? What makes one patients life more valuable than another and more importantly the infant with anencephaly has a moral right to life.
If the family struggles daily to survive, to find somewhere to sleep, food to eat, and safety from the outside elements it will have a huge impact on the child (Smith, 2012). Children need to feel safe and secure. If they are dealing with these issues it makes them feel very stressed, insecure, and hopeless in many situations. The mitigation for this is to have them living in a stable, safe environment. Although it sounds easy enough it is not always that simple.
This can support the children's thinking and extend their learning. Practtitoners withing the setting role play how to be creative with divergent thinking. Model being creative, for example. Childen within the setting understand they have freedom to access all resources, but have also developed an understanding that it is important to put equipment back back where it belongs. (Montessori) within practice it is vital to practitoners to gain an understanding of how they support the childrens creativity and crititcal thinking, so often record how practitoners interact with children and then reflect upon it for future development and
If they had low self-esteem this could mean that the child/ young person may be facing further abuse in their parenthood as they are very defenseless. If someone has been abused from a child it may mean that they could possibly never reach their full potential. This would be due to depreciation that they had faced and possibly end up making them feel powerless to take on a role which would consist of obligation. Not being able to have relationships with people in the future, making friends as a child and finding a husband/partner once in parenthood. Self-harm would make the service providers very mistrustful as the pain imposed on them by themselves is showing as the pain they are facing at some other point with someone else.