It is a generalised concept that if the cause of the symptoms were tackled it would only be logical that the symptoms would then cease. The Psychodynamic theory assumes the personality is split into three parts, the id (most primitive, instinctive part we have from birth), the ego (logical, balances out the id and superego) and the superego or moral part of our personality. These areas influence our behaviour as well as the defence mechanisms of the ego, and the psychosexual stages of development. Defence mechanisms are used
This is a process scientifically known as cognition and is a key to therapy (1). The rationale of Cognitive behavioural therapy is that a person’s behaviour and emotional responses are controlled by the immediate thought. A thought is also known as cognition which is continually influencing the previous experiences and the knowledge that the client has of this. Psychodynamics is the study of the interrelationships of various parts of the mind, personality, or psyche as they relate to mental, emotional, or motivational forces at the unconscious level (3). Psychodynamics are split into two parts, interaction with emotions and motivational forces and the effect our mental state especially the subconscious and inner forces which affect our behaviour.
They each have their own theoretical assumptions in terms of what constitutes behaviour; variously observable responses, inner experiences, cognitions and emotional states, or both. An additional veneer of complexity is posed by the normal/psychopathological distinction. Unsurprisingly, each approach, espouses different therapeutic strategies which, in themselves, can enlighten us as to their varying behavioural explanations. I shall outline and evaluate the key features of each approach on an individual basis, and attempt to assess the extent to which each provides a workable explanation of behaviour relative to their theoretical others. I The biological approach asserts that human behaviour can be explained physiologically and neurologically.
However, the thoughts which are formed in the unconscious are governed by the Ego, the conscious part of the brain. The Superego controls the Id (the unconscious) drive through guilt. The three parts work together in the psychodynamic approach by affecting individual personalities. Psychodynamic psychology concentrates its focus on the core of what a person may be thinking, as a focus to understand one’s relationship with others. Psychodynamic theory includes all theories in the field of psychology that focuses on “functioning based upon the interaction of drives and forces within the person, particularly unconscious between the different structures of the personality” (McLeod, 2007).
Running head: Personality Theories Personality Theories PSY/211 Personality Theories The existence of personality theories correspond to how scholars analyze and assess the development of human identity and behavior. Each viewpoint provides a specific understanding of what cultivates personality and the corresponding factors that influence such behavior. One way to analyze personality is through the lens of psychoanalytic theory. The main argument of this theory is that problems or issues pertaining to psychology can be rooted to one’s unconscious (McLeod, 2007). Specifically, the problems are influenced by latent issues surfacing in the conscious mind.
What is ‘Attributional’ therapy in your own words (5) 1 Cognitive Behavioural Therapy is a form of psychotherapy developed from a combination of cognitive therapy and behavioural therapy. The aim of CBT is to change unhealthy/faulty thinking and behaviours. The approach is based on the idea that our thoughts cause our feelings and the resulting behaviours rather than external events. By identifying and challenging unhealthy or faulty thinking patterns and beliefs the thinking patterns can be replaced by more rational and healthy alternatives. 2 CBT can be used with many different problem areas including depression, anxiety, anger and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS).
INTRODUCTION The mind-body problem is one of the problems in philosophy and it concerns the question whether a valid distinction can be made between the mind and the body. If such distinction can be made, then we can ask whether in fact any things exist to which we can apply either term, or both terms. Also if there are things to which both terms can be applied, we can, for those cases, ask what the relationship is between the mind and the body. In this paper, I shall present the Cartesian dualism in contrast to monism vis-à-vis the mind-body problem. THE CONCEPT OF THE MIND The mind is the aspect of intellect and consciousness experienced as combinations of thought, perception, memory, emotion, will, and imagination, including all unconscious cognitive process.
Research design have to consist of the logic and structure inherent in any particular approach to data gathering. There are two types of validity those are: those that limit the certainty that internal interventions caused the changes in research findings,which is called internal validity, and those that affect the ability of researchers to generalize the research
Attribution is the process by which we suggest reasons for our own or another’s behaviour. Attribution Theory provides suggestions for how and why we make such attributions about our own and others’ behaviour. It is a cognitive theory because it is the way we process information about ourselves and others. There are two theories of attribution – Heider’s Naive Psychology and Jones and Davis’ Correspondent Inference Theory. Heider’s theory suggests two causes of attribution – internal and external.
Running head: ACCEPTANCE AND COMMITMENT THERAPY 1 Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Miranda Buchanan Georgetown College ACCEPTANCE AND COMMITMENT THERAPY 2 Acceptance and Commitment Therapy is a cognitive-behavioral model of psychotherapy. It is based on the Relational Frame Theory, also known as RFT, which focuses on how human language influences cognition. The basic theory of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, or ACT for short, is that psychological suffering is mostly caused by the combination of human language, and the control of human behavior by direct experience. Acceptance and Commitment Theory suggests that trying to change difficult feelings and thoughts as a way to cope might be counter productive and that the best way to cope includes new powerful alternatives to the usual difficult thoughts and feelings (Association for Contextual Behavioral Science, 2011). The goal of ACT is to change the relationship people have with their own thoughts and feelings that are often feared or avoided; this is proclaimed to increase psychological flexibility, which is the primary goal of ACT (American Psychological Association, 2006).