Unit 366 Understand and meet the nutritional requirements of individuals with dementia Outcome 1 1 Describe how cognitive, functional and emotional changes associated with dementia can affect eating, drinking and nutrition. Cognitive(thought processing) problems- affecting people's memory, their ability to learn new things, their understanding and problem solving ability. Dementia is brought about by a section of the brain being effected by the cells dying. This will effect the memory and all that we have learnt from birth, how to talk, eat and function in a normal way becomes almost impossible. This means for the individual who has dementia, that the means and importance of food can be forgotten or that they just forget that they are hungry, or forget to eat what has been prepared.
It can affect the child in many ways as they can become nervous and anxious resulting in them becoming withdrawn and have a lack of confidence at the thought of a new school, they may be leaving close friendship groups making them upset and feeling alone. Most children will experience a new baby in the family. Younger children may find this difficult as they will still be used to having all of the attention and not understand why the family set up has changed, this could lead them to reverting back to baby ways themselves, have tantrums, be unkind to the new baby or become clingy. An older child may feel left out and become withdrawn and feel in the way, which could result in them not feeling a part of the new family. They may endure sleepless nights and loose sleep making them tired and unable to concentrate when at school.
For example, Dyslexia (a condition where the brain has difficulty interpreting information) in children is often identified by the parents. However, parents that are unaware or poorly educated may not notice any problems, meaning their child will not receive the crucial help and support they need to achieve. When children struggle in learning to read, write and spell they will soon fall behind at school and other areas of their development will begin to suffer. For example, a child not diagnosed will frequently become frustrated with trying and give up. Then in an attempt to disguise the problem they are more likely to misbehave and disrupt the class.
There are many factors which may distract concentration amongst teenagers, some of them are: 1. Fatigue: most of today’s teenagers prefer a different kind of lifestyle which includes partying with friends and involving other activities which hampers adequate sleep. Sleep deprivation is probably the most common cause for the inability to concentrate on one topic for very long. Many studies have shown that students are not getting enough sleep and sleep deprivation has serious physical, emotional and cognitive effects. 2.
Long term consequences from unhealthy food choices: Type 2 diabetes – while this condition is most commonly seen in adults, it is now also being diagnosed in children Eating disorders such as bulimia or binge eating Orthopaedic disorders – problems with foot structure Liver problems, including fatty liver Respiratory disorders, such as blocked airways and restrictions in the chest wall, which cause breathlessness during exercise Sleep apnoea – this is a condition that causes difficulty breathing when sleeping. It also causes snoring, waking often and poor sleep. It makes people feel tired and contributes to poor concentration during the day Cardiomyopathy – a problem with the heart muscle, caused when extra effort is needed to pump blood Social problems for obese children and adolescents Obesity can have a major impact on how children feel about themselves and how they interact with others. Obese adolescents are more likely to have low self-esteem, which may impact on other aspects of their lives such as the development of friendships and competency at school. Being obese as a child or adolescent increases the risk of a range of diseases and disorders in adulthood, regardless of whether the adult is obese or not.
Then there is the dark side of competition. When it can turn from being motivational, to being detrimental. The more intense and critical a parent is toward their kids’ performance in competition, the more the negative lessons and effects of competition on children is magnified.In some situations the competition is detrimental because though the child worked hard and improves significantly, he will not be rewarded. He will not see the considerable progress that has been made. The negative effects of competition are always present and waiting to latch on to any kid that is not guided toward the positive lessons to be learned.
Emotional needs of children need to be met ‘neglect can occur when parents abandon the child, or simply have no time to spend with the child, in essence leaving the child to raise himself’ (http://www.minddisorders.com/Kau-Nu/Neglect.html) see appendix …. Neglect can affect the child’s development. An example of how neglect can affect a child’s health is poor nutrition, if the correct nutrients are not are not available to children the child’s growth development will not follow the normal pattern and developmental stages will be delayed. ‘Common physical and psychological reactions to neglect include stunted growth, chronic medical problems, inadequate bone and muscle growth, and lack of neurological development that negatively affects normal brain functioning and information processing.’ (http://www.minddisorders.com/Kau-Nu/Neglect.html#ixzz2HxRH2n98) see appendix …. This negativity affecting the brain can make processing problems difficult for the child understand social relationships or harder for the child to complete academic tasks without assistance or intervention from others.
The physical effects are obvious. Sufferers have an irrational fear of putting on weight and are obsessed with being thin 1b. Describe the signs and symptoms of the eating disorders you described in Question 1a above. Eating disorder 1: Binge eating disorder sufferers often feel out of control and cannot stop eating, even when they are full. As with other eating disorder sufferers, they negatively evaluate their body shape and weight.
Many people argue that development is vital in the younger years in the child’s life, and the ability to solve problems and apply ideas help in the long-term. Hyman argues that the lower classes create a self imposed barrier to learning their values. This is because he believes that they have a low value on education, with a ‘play safe’ culture and also a low level of self belief. This would all impact on the child performance at school as they would not have the attitude needed to progress. If at any point they failed, they would see this as a big mistake and give up and have a lack of motivation.
The effects of SLCN on young people - Task 12 There is a strong correlation between EBD (emotional and behavioural difficulties) and those who have SLCN ( speech, language and communication needs). Many of the behavioural difficulties that arise from SLCN are avoidable by early detection and intervention, this is still very much lacking within social care provisions and many children and young people’s difficulties go undetected for too long. Many parents and settings are quick to label ‘naughty’ children and would prefer to let someone else deal with them than to look at the root of the problem and see if there is a reason behind these behaviours. There are many agencies that can help, much of the problem is that people don’t also realise there is a problem to begin with. Families that are aware of the problem aren’t always made aware of what help is available for them and although this has had more parliamentary support and has been further prioritised, it hasn’t been widely publicised.