Bowlby’s theory is an evolutionary approach to attachment. These attachment behaviours are displayed to ensure the survival of the infant. It is also an instinct for the parent to make an attachment. He states that infants are born with social releasers for example crying, smiling, a cute face with big eyes and a small nose. These social releasers encourage the care giver to provide care.
No I would not want to work on this project for two reasons. First reason is that I do not believe 5 months is enough time, and secondly I don’t like the fact that anything will be outsourced 2. If you were part of the management team at Petrie’s Electronics, would you approve the project outlined in the scope statement in PE Figure 4-1? What changes, if any, need to be made to the document? I would not approve this project as it is in figure 4-1 without certain changes.
‘The time is ripe for a unification of Psychoanalytical concepts with those of Ethology’ J Bowlby 1953 Bowlby’s theory begins with the idea that we are all born with innate drives, this comes from the Darwinist theory that all characteristics have survival value, Bowlby would consider attachment to be one of these characteristics. Part of these innate drives is the idea that we are all born with social releasers, Social releasers promote attachment between the child and it’s primary care giver (P.C.G). A releaser such as crying elicits care giving from others nearby. The person who responds most sensitively to the child’s releasers will become the P.C.G. The relationship between child and P.C.G becomes the most important in the child’s life.
Therefore it is strange that they are making informed choice. The concerns raise as the more children will not receive the vaccines the bigger chances of breakdown in ''herd immunity'' as the hypothesis says. In some cases people are resistant to new ideas because it depends what they are representing. In this case many parents believe that vaccination put their children at bigger risk than not having them. There are some statistics that WHO has published showing that children under 2 years old not necessary ''develop immunity following vaccination''.
Psychologists have put forward different explanations of attachment, such as learning theory and Bowlby’s theory. Outline and evaluate one of more explanations. Bowlby’s Theory of attachment encompasses many different parts, such as Monotropy’s, sensitive periods and many other things. One of the things Bowlby suggested was that babies form a monotropy. This is where the baby for one special attachment to their main caregiver, which is generally (but not always) the mother.
He thereby revolutionised our thinking about a child’s tie to the mother and its disruption through separation, deprivation, and bereavement. Mary Ainsworth’s innovative methodology not only made it possible to test some of Bowlby’s ideas empirically but also helped expand the theory itself and is responsible for some of the new directions it is now taking. Ainsworth contributed the concept of the attachment figure as a secure base from which an infant can explore the world. In addition, she formulated the concept of maternal sensitivity to infant signals and its role in the development of infant-mother attachment patterns. His theories on attachment and on maternal deprivation have been some of the most influential writings on the topic.
Q: Outline and Evaluate Bowlby’s Theory. (12 Marks) Bowlby believed we are born with an innate tendency to form attachments. Bowlby believed that to help us attach we have inborn social releasers are our reactions. For example a baby might giggle to show happiness or cry to show sadness. The crying will act as an inborn social releaser as the mother will come to the aid of her child and try to comfort it always.
Our early attachment styles are established in childhood through the infant/caregiver relationship. In addition to this, Bowlby believed that attachment had an evolutionary component; it aids in survival. "The propensity to make strong emotional bonds to particular individuals [is] a basic component of human nature" (Bowlby, 1988, 3). Characteristics of Attachment Bowlby believed that there are four distinguishing characteristics of attachment: Proximity Maintenance - The desire to be near the people we are attached to. Safe Haven - Returning to the attachment figure for comfort and safety in the face of a fear or threat.
John Bowlby adopted the family systems approach theory in relation to his attachment theory. Bowlby’s theories focused more on attachment styles whereas Bowen’s theory was centered specifically on the family as an organization. Bowlby theorized that children have the most successful development within an extended family system. He also believed that the child’s interactions with their caregivers within the first few years of their lives shaped their views of themselves and interactions with others (Blewitt & Broderick, 2015, p. 117). Bowlby in particular believed that the family system was important for a child’s growth and development.
However, the child’s genome is directly influenced by the chromosomes the biological parents of the child passed in their egg and sperm. In this sense, the child will develop based on the genes it received from his or her parents; the child’s body shape, eye color, hair color, complexion, and temperament as well as numerous other characteristics will arise based on its inherited genes. Therefore, it is evident that parents directly influence the development of their child in the genetic sense. Once the child is born, however, the child enters into a new environment in which the parents are the sole means of survival and interaction with the world. As a result, a key question arises; to what extent do parents influence the development of their child beyond genetics?