Victimology plays a very important role in criminology and is used to determine what the victim’s behavior has to do with their risk of being victimized. “Victimology is the study of harm dome from illegal activity. This particular area of sociology is inter-related with criminology” (Selwyn, L. 2010). Victimology will study issues dealing with the victim. For instance, who is the most likely victim.
Also two other features are mentioned like it aims to identify the factors that produce patterns in victimisation and how it focuses on interpersonal crimes of violence. Writer, Hentig believes victims fall into a category such as they are more likely to be females, elderly or ‘mentally subnormal’ also referring to Item A that he suggested that who displays their wealth are more likely to become victims of robbery and burglary links to explains that he also said victims invite victimisation by being the kind of person they are. Critical victimology is based on conflict theories such as Marxism and feminism. They believe that structural factors such as patriarchy and poverty which place powerless groups such as women and the poor on greater risk of victimisation. Also secondly the way in which the power of the state can control whether someone’s a victim or not.
Patients may be forced to stay off work which will lead to a loss of earnings putting more stress on the individual and their families, possibly leaving a patient needing treatment for depression. Also the patient would have the stress and worry of passing on the infection to loved ones. All of these will lead to a loss of trust in in the organisation. Worse case death could occur. 007-4.1 Define the term risk.
Assess the usefulness of subcultural theories in explaining ‘subcultural crime and deviance’ in society today. The term subcultural crime and deviance is another way of describing the violation of laws or social norms by various groups within society. These groups have been explored in depth by many sociologists and they have attempted to explain subcultural crime and deviance through the existence of deviant subcultures. Originally, the work of Merton surrounding strain theory claimed that when there was a strain between the goals of society and the means of obtaining the goals then people would turn to crime. However subcultural theorists developed this idea claiming that people experiencing strain seek different forms of success.
Victims and Crime Evaluation University of Phoenix Criminal Law CJA 354 Victims and Crime Evaluation Before understanding the concept of a victim, who is a victim? A victim can fall into one of two categories; one a person who has suffered harm because of a criminal act and subjected to harm in suffering physical injury, emotional trauma, financial loss and or disruptlives Secondly, a victim could be family members of a person killed or injured because of a crime may also be victims. It is common for people who witnessed a crime to suffer emotional trauma. According to Vocal (ACT) “These people are victims even though they may not have been physically harmed. This could in some instances include family members or close friends of the person who committed the crime.” (2006, p.1) The impact of such crimes is long lasting in particularly for violent crimes.
Different sociologists have presented different theories and concepts to explain what drives a person to commit a crime, and research and statistics give us an idea of the type of crimes committed and the places that they’re most likely to occur. However, these statistics can prove to be misleading as not all crime is reported to or recorded by the police. This can be referred to as the ‘hidden figure’, and it differentiates between the official crime rate and the real rate. Despite this, they do prove to be worthwhile in the fact that they display trends and patterns of crime. Sociologists use three different methods to measure crime; each method provides us with particular information and as in all systems of data collecting, there are strengths and weaknesses to the method.
These crimes can consists of rape, abuse or anything that threatens the safety of an individual. To become a victim advocate it is important to have a bachelor's degree or master's degree in social work, psychology, or even criminal justice. Victim advocates are responsible for providing counsel and support to victims of crime. Many advocates will conduct their work in a office, however they are sometimes called to come out to the crime scene or the victims home. Victim advocates can work regular hours and even be on call.
This paper will serve to make an attempt to correlate the similarities of the social disorganization theory and organized crime, and evaluate the similarities of the political machine and organized crime as they apply to social disorganization. The study of crime has produced several theories; those that apply to organized crime are centered on how organized crime functions, and the relationship between the social environment and the individual and group within. According to Lyman and Potter "Some researchers link criminality to social conditions prevalent in neighborhoods. Many of them believe that the reasons crime rates are high in these areas are urban decay, a general deterioration of the ecology of inner cities, and general social and familial deterioration." (Lyman, Potter, 2007) Organized Crime is supposed to have structure and follow a regimented sequence that follows patterns during its day-to-day operations.
Many people ask, why does crime occur, who commits the crimes and why. We also ask the question of whether or not economic class, race, ect, has anything to do with why crime occurs. Theories have been conjured upon these acts to try to give meaning on why, what happens takes place. In this essay I would like to take the time to explain these theories to help others understand and maybe change their own viewpoints. Crime can affect the way individuals perceive others generally creating bias and prejudice within a person’s frame of thought; hopefully we can make someone think a little differently.
Describe Using Evidence any two influences that explain why a person turns to crime. (15) There are various influences which may explain why a person tunes to crime, these influences may vary between a person’s upbringing, cognitive and biological make up. A study that supports this theory may be Farringdon et al. He suggest that social factors experienced during a child life and upbringing are clearly associated with criminal behaviour. Within the study he was able to identify patterns of particular behaviour and social factors which later lead to participants becoming’ chronic offenders’, examples of this situation were, poor parenting, harsh discipline, family members who were currently or previously offenders, and the child’s poor performance