Simply put, the fine-tuning argument contends that the universe was designed to ultimately create human beings. Fine-tuning is an argument which is able to contest one of the atheist’s own theories to disprove God. This will be explained in more detail later in this paper. In response to this, McCloskey says the cosmological argument “does not entitle us to postulate an all-powerful, all-perfect, uncaused cause.” As mentioned before, the cosmological argument is but one part of a concurrence for the existence of God. It does not prove God’s existence; it argues that there must be a necessary being which created the universe.
CHAPTER 17 Who was a German philosopher that used reason and rationalization to find answers to the unknown by using the scientific methods to understand all of life, thus connecting the 17th and 18th centuries. “Dare to know” was his motto? Who wrote Plurality of the Worlds- downplaying religion. He started Skepticism of religion & contribution to scientific progress. As the great scientist pursued their work exalting God, more were questioning the religious truths and values?
Don't Get Me Started On- Irrational Beliefs Faith is highly anachronistic aspect of the world today. . Science changes it's views based on what is observed in order to create the best model to explain the world around us, whereas religion is the denial of the said observations in order to preserve an irrational belief. Christianity for example, is based on a book written around 2,000 years ago. The genesis story alone supplies more than enough theoretical fuel to keep an atheist's argument burning.
The falsification principle is a method of working out whether language is meaningful by looking at scientific methods of proving the statement wrong, if you can think of a way in which the statement could be proved wrong then the statement has meaning. It is a theory closely associated with Karl Popper (1902-1994) and Antony Flew (1923-present). Karl popper was born in Vienna and was agnostic, even though he was raised by a Christian family. He started to question logical positivism and the verification principle when writing a book and founded the idea of falsification through his discussion of scientific method. Popper stated that in order for a statement to be scientifically true you had to be able to think of a way to disprove it.
Genesis 1-2 can show us that God is all-powerful and all-loving. As far as Genesis 1-2 goes, it is more important to understand the scripture, rather than prove it to be factual. “Although popular images of controversy continue to exemplify the supposed hostility of Christianity to new scientific theories, studies have shown that Christianity has often nurtured and encouraged scientific endeavor, while at other times the two have co-existed without either tension or attempts at harmonization” (Ferngren, 2). Genesis 1-2 is the cause of much unnecessary tension between the religious and scientific communities. The writers of Genesis 1-2 wrote it in a way that presents the Earth’s creation as a factual account of God creating the heavens and the Earth.
As we see in this segment of Document 6 “Reason is in the estimation of the philosopher what grace is to the Christian. Grace determines the Christian's action; reason the philosopher's.” the philosophers of the Enlightenment strove to explain everything by means of logic and reason which was a mindset that was pioneered during the Scientific Revolution. Essentially, Enlightenment thinkers took the rational mindset from scientific discoveries of the Scientific Revolution and began to apply it to society. Isaac Newton's discoveries established the principles of the Enlightenment. At the time, discovery was looked at with skepticism as people had become accustomed to the bible being the only source of information about the world.
Popper wrote the foundation of the principle, but flew went a bit further with it. He was influenced by Popper but Flew applied the falsification principle to religious language and derived the conclusion that religious statements are no more than words with little to no significance. He then goes on to modify John Wisdom's analogy of the intangiable gardener to illustrate his point that religious believers cannot be convinced against God and their belief in him. Flew says that a religious believer is forced to say that “God's love is incomprehensible” when they are faced with the argument that God allows the death of a child due to an inoperable illness. He also goes further to say that “religious believers are allowing their definition of God to 'die a death of a thousand qualifications'” which would suggest that Flew believes that religious believers will use any 'qualification of God' to explain certain happenings in the world.
Ever since the publishing of Charles Darwin’s Origin of Species in 1859, there has been no debate that is more intense or widespread than the controversy over the subject of evolution. This conflict between the Christian fundamentalists (advocates for creationism) and the modern scientific community (advocates for evolution) has extended itself to involve school education, especially in the United States. There has been much debate over whether evolution should be taught in the classroom. While both sides have arguments for their case, evolutionists clearly have a stronger case for why evolution, and not creationism, should be taught in American schools. Those believing that evolution should not be taught in classrooms feel that the concept of evolution contradicts one of the concepts promoted by the Bible, known as creationism, or “Creation Science.” Creation Science is a component of Christian fundamentalism that believes Biblical views must be taught in all school subjects, particularly science.
They also believe that genetic modification is almost like playing Gods role, which is seen as disrespectful to God. They also believe that there are some faults with the world and people because the world can’t be perfect as only heaven is perfect, so trying to play God role. They also believe that embryo research is just like abortion and because they don’t believe in abortion they will not allow genetic research! Some Muslims also believe that scientists that try to make life from the stem-cells is playing God which is something that is serious and can’t be forgiven for a Muslim to do it
Religions has always been supported as the fundamental reliable source of truth which was supported and promoted by the Roman Catholic church, René Descartes the French philosopher, scientist, and mathematician challenged the churches authority to provide these truths, this created an era when the roman catholic church was challenged by many philosophers as the sole interpreter and providers of truths and findings from philosophers like Aristotle. “Martin Luther and the development of the Protestant Reformation presented a strong challenge to the dominance of the Roman Catholic Church and its authority to provide the sole correct religious truths.” (Mosser 2011) “The Aristotelian view of the nature of the physical world was also regarded as authoritative, but it began to be questioned by such astronomers as Copernicus, Galileo, and Descartes himself.” Although I consider myself a very religious person I will support my argument with less ideology and more inductive logic and reasoning. First we will discuss the definition of