Injuries cause extreme pain, limit movements and depending on the severity, can require a large amount of time for rehab. The majority of regular people will have a negative response to any kind of injury. In the case of the athlete (especially at the professional or collegiate level) injuries can be devastating. There is no universal model as to what mental response an athlete will have when an injury occurs, for the most part these emotions are negative (Brehm, 2008). Even when an athlete returns from an injury they can still be affected by it and play more tentatively on the field or court because of fear of re-injury (Brehm, 2008).
What is stressful for one person may be pleasurable or have little effect on them and we all react to stress differently. Human beings were built to handle stress; we adapted the autonomic part of the nervous system to handle acute stressor, such as a physical alteration, job interview or even a tough anatomy test. The body would respond by releasing stress hormones, corticosteroids, these hormones would then give an immediate energy surge to the body. The hormones were meant for only short periods; when the body is under chronic stress these hormones start to cause damage to the body. Forty-three percent of all adults suffer adverse health effects from stress.
Sports Phycology: the study of the psychological and mental factors that are influenced by participation and performance in sport exercise and physical activity. Factors that influence performance: Acquire: definition, apply: how would you apply it, Evaluate: effect and improve performance. Link everything to performance. * Anxiety : subjective feeling of apprehension that is accompanied by a heighted state of arousal. (cog- psy, som-phys) 1.
“Sports psychology can help athletes looking to improve their focus and confidence” (Smith and Kays). Needless to say, confidence and focus alone can completely change the outcome of an athlete’s performance. “The mental skills in excellent performance are not just a single purpose activity” (Smith and Kays). Elite athletes recognize the many factors that are involved in sports psychology. “Sports psychology ranges from detailed attention to perceptual processes, to mental skills training, and a broad investigation of perfectionism, injury and eating disorders” (Smith and Kays).
Although painful sensations may indicate other conditions, carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common and widely known of the entrapping neuropathies in which the body's peripheral nerves are compressed or traumatized. However test will need to be done in order to confirm the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome: Early diagnosis and treatment are important to avoid permanent damage to the median nerve. A physical examination of the hands, arms, shoulders, and neck can help determine if the patient's complaints are related to daily activities or an underlying disorder
Also if the person is hospitalised or needs surgery, poisoned from wrong medication, shock and disbelief. If someone is being physically abused then the effects are going to be mainly physical, such as bruising and cuts. There are also Long term effects. Abuse is a major source of stress and can have long-term effects on the health and well-being of older adults. The stress of abuse could trigger chest pain or angina, and may be a factor in other serious heart problems.
The concept of pre-competitive anxiety was defined as an unpleasant emotion which is characterized by vague but persistent feeling of apprehension and dread before an event. The paper traced the sources of pre-competitive anxiety to an imbalance between perceived challenges and capabilities. It also enumerated signs and symptoms of pre-competitive anxiety to include: paralyzing fear, inability to concentrate, sweating, shaking, shortness of breath, dizziness and increase heart rate. The effect of precompetitive anxiety on sport performance and techniques of dealing with pre-competitive anxiety which include: teaching the athletes to know what is fear; visualization, goal setting, relaxation, self confidence,
The human body is designed to know when stress is used and is effecting the body and your body should know how and when to react to it. Everyone thinks that stress is a bad thing but it is also a positive. This is because stress is keeping you alert and will prepare you for any kind of danger. Stress can become dangerous is someone is faced with stress continuously without any kind of relief. Stress becomes very dangerous when they use alcohol, tobacco or drugs to try and relieve the stress.
Aggression in Sport Aggression can be defined as ‘intent to harm outside the laws of the game’ and revolves around behavioural misconduct. This can have a negative or positive effect on a performer depending on the individual, but when the aggression is considered to be channelled for a positive purpose it becomes assertion. However the distinction between whether conduct is aggressive or assertive can be difficult to distinguish in some cases. The causes of aggression can be divided into nature or nurture. Nature is suggested in the instinct theory where aggression is a characteristic shared by all humans as an innate biological drive which is expressed through sport.
Therefore, anxiety requires a conscious thought process that is delineated by trepidation which works in conjunction with activation of the body (arousal). The aim of this essay is to discuss the role of pre-competitive state anxiety on performance and address other contributing factors. Additionally, various components will be exemplified in order to explore the causes and effects of pre-competitive state anxiety; whether or not it plays a vital role in ensuring performance levels are high; and whether or not individual differences are relevant. To any sportsperson, the debilitative effects of high anxiety are very popular and can range in severity from an uncomfortable sensation in the stomach known as butterflies, to a panic attack. Various theories and explanations have been brought forward by many psychologists alike in an attempt to describe and understand the relationship between stress, anxiety and performance.