(“The Roman Republic”) The Censor held this power until the end of the Roman Republic. The Senate directed the consuls and censors in the time of military conflicts. The Senate also had a large amount of power over the government in Rome. The senate also had management
1) In book 6 of Polybius’ “Histories”, Polybius examines the Roman government and its “mixed” constitution. At the head of the Roman Republic are two elected officials, called consuls, who carry out the decisions of the Senate, lead the army, and generally hold the highest executive authority. Polybius describes the consuls as the monarchical element of the Roman government. The consuls' power, however, is tempered by the authority of the Senate, a small group of Roman political elites who form the aristocratic element in the Roman constitution. The Senate controls the treasury and the public building programs, passes judgment in certain cases of the highest importance (particularly treason), and handles foreign diplomatic affairs.
The empires of the “Classical World” evolved techniques that helped control the advancing civilizations. Those techniques helped civilizations become unique and share many similarities and differences. The Roman Empire and Han China were two empires that progressed strongly through the “Classical World” and expanded their empire with the use of a strong administrative structure. The non-hereditary administration in both empires were controlled by emperors (known as a “Consul” in Rome) and a representation of the elite population through the Senate in Rome and the government officials in Han China that were chosen through an exam. Techniques of the both empires also grew through their military that defended the empires and conquered neighboring lands.
Military played a major role in there rise and fall of their political structure. The military was a factor in both of the empires decline along with the choice of letting the wealthy class makes decisions for the lower class. Also both empires were ruled by one leader but citizens still were given some form of control. In comparison to how they are alike they also have differences. Such as not just giving power to citizens but how they distributed power in the empire.
Politics in the Han dynasty were very important to keep the empire together. In the Han dynasty, Liu Bang did something different and, instead of wealth or birth name, he gave government positions to those who were well educated and deserving of this position. Liu Bang wanted to be a strong dynasty like the Qin dynasty, but weak like Zhou at the same time. He chose to go down the middle path and be a mix of weak and strong. Bang divided the empire into administrative districts that were each governed by officials.
The King would govern Rome. However ancient Rome had developed its own government where the Romans governed themselves. Rome was remarkably democratic when its own people were concerned. Citizens of Rome would gather at an assembly to elect their own officials. The chief officials of Rome were called consuls and there were two of them.
Roman Measure of Evaluation 1. In Republican Rome, patricians were the land-owning aristocrats who were priests, magistrates, lawyers and judges, whereas plebeians were the poorer class who were craftspeople, merchants, and laborers. The patricians made up the Senate, which was the political assembly responsible for creating law and the plebeians made a legislative assembly called the Council of Plebeians to protect themselves from the Senate. Each plebeian chose a patrician as his patronage to represent the plebeian in law and assist them with matters, primarily economic. 2.
The emperor now had “right to declare war, ratify treaties, negotiate with foreign leaders, and chose their own successor” (Laffery, The Fall of Rome). Since the republic was the form of government that was ruled by elected citizens (senate, assemblies, etc..) once the empire emerged, the emperor became a supreme ruler that took over the power that the senate and assemblies once held and by the 3rd century, the senate had little to no power and very little influence. Thankfully, the Empire actually did see that they could gain peace for a short while with good emperors, one that had the
The Han developed a supply of soilders, which kept their borders secured and made them capable to exchange with others from time to time. On the other hand, Rome had a centralized, mingled structure. The main focus points of the Roman Society were operated by a Roman Monarchy, which was disguised as a Republic, who controlled their complex structure. The only way Romans could accomplish anything big in a certain time span was to make strong changes in their community. It was an enormous weight on Rome's resources and power, when they had to stress over big wins.
Senate and assemblies continued to meet, and officials were regularly elected. Eesa: For a while, the Senate ruled Italy and some of the provinces. The Senate was constitutionally responsible for selecting the emperor, but in most cases it, in effect, ratified a selection made by others, usually the army or the previous emperor. The emperor backed by the army and assisted by a small group of senators and other advisers ran the government. DONT READ THIS PART BUT DO IT!!!