Optional unit understand the process and experience of dementia. 1.1 Describe a range of causes of dementia syndrome. The causes of dementia vary however all are irreversible changes that have occurred in the brain. The most common causes are called neurodegenerative diseases; these include Alzheimer's, front temporal and Lewy body disease. These diseases cause the brain cells degenerate and die more quickly than the normal ageing process.
Alzheimer’s disease Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia and accounts for between 50 and 70 per cent of all cases. It is a progressive degenerative illness that attacks the brain. As brain cells shrink or disappear, abnormal material builds up as ‘tangles’ in the centre of the cells and ‘plaques’ form outside the cells. These disrupt messages within the brain, damaging connections between brain cells. The cells eventually die and this means that information cannot be recalled or assimilated.
A stroke is usually classified as being either ischemic or hemorrhagic depending on whether there is a blood clot or internal bleeding in the brain. In an ischemic stroke, the blood vessel becomes a clot, which in turn blocks the artery and blood flow to the brain. Ischemic strokes are usually caused by atherosclerosis (narrowing of blood vessels), constricting the blood flow to the brain. 80% of all strokes are ischemic, but those who have this type of stroke have a much better chance of survival than those who experience a hemorrhagic
Multiple sclerosis Multiple sclerosis This booklet includes- The symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis The impact of Multiple Sclerosis The signs of Multiple Sclerosis What is multiple Sclerosis? Multiple Sclerosis is a disease that affects the brain and the spine, eventually it ends in not being able to control muscles, loss of vision, not being able to balance, and numbness. When you suffer from multiple sclerosis the brain and spine are damaged by the immune system, this is known as an autoimmune disease. The symptoms- The symptoms affect every person differently, they vary on how much damage has been done to the nerves. Some symptoms include: -visual Problems: the visual problems are one of the first to occur normally.
1. UNDERSTAND THE NEUROLOGY OF DEMENTIA 1.1 Describe a range of causes of dementia syndrome Dementia syndrome is caused by damage to the brain cells; this damage interferes with the ability of brain cells to communicate each other. The most common causes of dementia are called neurodegenerative diseases, and include Alzheimer’s disease, frontotemporal dementia, and dementia with Lewy bodies. When brain cells can no longer communicate normally, thinking, behaviour and feelings can be affected. Dementia is an umbrella term for number of diseases; "over 130 are known today" that affect the memory, behaviour, and motor skills.
1.1. Answer: Dementia is a term for the progressive disease of brain and describes a serious deterioration in mental function, as memory, language, orientation and judgement , The causes of dementia are still not fully understood. Research in dementia is an ongoing and to date number of types of dementia and their causes have been identified. The brain contains billions of cells, in dementia some of these cells stop working properly. Depending what part of brain this occurs in it will affect the way an individual thinks, remembers, walks and communicates.
A stroke is sometimes called a “brain attack” and is the result from a sudden loss of blood to the brain or blockage of blood vessel to the brain, which sometimes may be permanent or temporary. There are two types of strokes, thrombotic and hemorrhagic. The thrombotic stroke is when one vessel that feeds the brain is blocked. The hemorrhagic stroke is when one vessel in brain breaks open. Aneurysms are the most common of the hemorrhagic strokes.
or nontraumatic injury derived from either an internal or external source (e.g. stroke, brain tumours, infection, poisoning or substance abuse).While research has demonstrated that thinking and behavior may be altered in virtually all forms of ABI, brain injury is itself a very complex phenomenon having dramatically varied effects. No two persons can expect the same outcome or resulting difficulties. The brain controls every part of human life: physical, intellectual, behavioral, social and emotional. When the brain is damaged, some part of a person's life will be adversely affected.
For 15–24 year olds, homicide is the second leading cause of death and claims more than 8,500 lives each year; suicide is the third leading cause of death among this group and claims 4,140 lives each year. (cdc.gov.) violent behavior is experienced more by male adolescents than their female peers. Males are much more likely to have been in a physical fight and be threatened/injured with a weapon. In addition, adolescent males are also more likely to carry a weapon.
Some of these will develop serious brain disorders like Wernicke-Korsakoll Syndrome (WKS). WKS has two separate syndromes. One is short lived and severe called Wernicke’s encephalopathy. The symptoms are mental confusion, paralysis of the nerves that move the eyes and difficult muscular coordination. About eighty to ninety percent of alcoholics with Wernicke’s encephalopathy will develop Korsakoff’s psychosis which is chronic and debilitating.