QUESTION What has been the impact, if any, of the Lisbon Treaty on the democratic deficit within the EU? How to Answer this Question This type of question has become very popular in recent years. This is largely due to developments that have affected the Parliament and the emphasis given to democracy in the European Union. The main points to cover in your answer are: * powers and composition of the European Parliament; * procedures of the Parliament; * role of the Parliament in the legislative process; * the Lisbon Treaty. Answer Democratic deficit is a term that has been used to label the European Union since its predecessor the European Community was established in 1957· The term is used to identify the absence of what some observers see as the fundamental involvement of elected representatives in the governance of the EU.
The European Union famously know as the EU which consists of 28 member nations. However, in the the 1999 a group called Eurozone consisting of 17 nations was formed by this they aimed to achieve foreign and security policy through which the European union has developed a itself in playing a role for external relations and defence. In the mid 1992, the Eu(european union) signed a treaty called Maastricht Treaty, under this they pledged to limit their debt levels and deficit spending .But, in the early 2000s, a number of EU member states were failing to stay within the limits of the Maastricht criteria and turned to securitising of the future government revenues to reduce their debts or deficits.This allowed the sovereigns to mask their debt and deficit levels through a various techniques including, accounting inconsistently, transactions by off-balance-sheet as well as the use of complex currency and credit derivatives structures.The European sovereign debt crisis (often referred to as the Eurozone crisis) is an ongoing financial crisis that has made it difficult for different countries in the European areas to repay or re-finance their government debts without any help of the third parties.This crisis did not only bring adverse economic effects for the countries that are affected, but it has also a huge political impact on the governments which are presently ruling in 8 out of 17 eurozone countries, leading to shift of power in Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Slovenia, Slovakia, and the Netherlands. Apart from political measures and bailout programme which are being implemented to weaken the Eurozone financial crisis, the European Central Bank (ECB) is also doing its part by lowering interest rates and providing cheap loans of more than one trillion Euro to maintain money flows between European banks. On 6 September 2012, the ECB also brought rest to
What are the origins of these creeds? The Apostles Creed was thought to have been written around 180 AD and reflects the theological formulations of the first century church. Over the next 400 years it underwent further development and change to reflect theological growth. It does not appear in the bible but reflected the words early Christians used that could frame how they were living their lives without comprehension of the mysteries of their new faith. The first recorded version of it however is not seen until the Council of Milan in AD 390.
In these relationships Europe played a key role for the Ottoman Empire in establishing reforms. These reforms aimed to “Westernize” the country and integrate it into Europe. After the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, the founder of the modern Turkish state, wished to turn his country into civilized state by performing new changes in social, judicial, legal spheres. In the early period the process of “Westernization” is applied in the EU framework. Turkey’s attempt towards integration started in 1949 and it is still in process of deliberations.
3. How and why have senior judges come into conflict with government ministers since 1997? [25 marks] In 2003, momentum grew for reform of the British senior judiciary, says Neil McNaughton. The Labour government which took office in 1997 had always aspired to carry out this reform. However, this reform of the judiciary had formed conflicts between the government ministers and the judiciary due to several reasons.
The proof of early Christian Ireland is indeed limited. Even the few pieces of evidence are undisputed and constantly argued over. “The surviving evidence clearly shoes that the mission of Palladius to convert Irish to Christianity must have been at the same time period as Patrick” this is a very difficult statement to discuss as there is so many theories and so little evidence. According to the Prosper of Aquitaine in 431 Pope Celestine sent Palladius to Ireland as a minister to “those who believe in Christ” However an Irish saying has it that “the Lord gave Ireland not to Palladius but to Patrick”. According to the Annals of Ireland Patrick arrived in Ireland in 432 bringing Christianity with him.
The national one was on whether Britain should join what was then the EEC (European Economic Community). This national one was held in 1975. Since then there has not been a national referendum. There are reasons why referendums do actually increase participation and reasons why it does not. Firstly, Referendums are a form of direct democracy.
Although each one of the countries has their own parliamentary government, the Parliament of the United Kingdom is the supreme rule, and their parliaments cannot challenge the Constitution of the United Kingdom. (Europe: United Kingdom, n.a.) A Nation-State is, "a state ruling over a territory that contains all the people who are culturally
The wide body of Convention law, as well as decisions of the domestic courts of other states which have incorporated the Convention, now becomes an integral part of UK legal system .It has been said that this was one of the most significant changes to Britain’s legal system since the Magna Carta (1215). The European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms 1950 (the Convention) prescribes a number of rights considered by the contracting States to be, in the words of the Preamble, “fundamental freedoms”. The original Convention, in arts 2 to 14, protects the rights to life, freedom from
The Act can and will be brought into force in stages and it is currently envisaged that this will not commence until the autumn of 2003. Much of the detail of the new system will be embodied in new Land Registration Rules which have to be the subject of consultation prior to being made. Whilst the preparation of the draft rules for consultation is well advanced, they have yet to be published. Accordingly, practitioners have a short but relatively comfortable window in which to familiarise themselves with the new system before having to deal with it in practice. Why change?