He dismisses this argument by listing other activities that could be harmful to an individual such as smoking tobacco, riding motorcycles, and having unprotected sex. This comparison makes the idea of prohibiting these activities because they are harmful to the individual participating in them seem rather ridiculous. Basically, illegal drugs CAN be harmful to a user; at the same time, smoking tobacco IS harmful to a user, yet smoking cigarettes is perfectly legal. I think Huemer’s argument effectively defeats the prohibitionists’ standpoint that drugs should be outlawed because they are harmful to the user. Second, the author addresses the prohibitionist argument that illegal drugs cause harm to people around the user as well.
Psych 213 Dr. Les White April 9, 2012 Major points the article covers or raises “The Addicted Brain,” by Nestler and Malenka discussed the brain’s memory of addiction which results from repeated use and subsequently abuse of drugs and alcohol. While very technical and scientific in its detailing of the processes, it was also very insightful in spelling out the brains rewarding of the pleasure that results from drugs of abuse (DOA). It seems that we have known for quite a while why someone feels good when they use DOA, but the article points out that new research is just beginning to understand some of the resulting long term changes in the brain. Even though the pleasurable effects of using a particular drug aren’t as strong as they
In fact drugs are being encouraged for anyone in need of it. However in today's society drugs seem to result in chaos rather than stability. It is illegal to take drugs with the exception of prescription drugs. Sadly in our society, drugs are also quickly available for those that want it. Unlike soma, the drugs produce numerous negative aftereffects.
The exposures included various types of media including television, video games, movies, comic books and music. Their outcome which was expected, the short-term effects of violent media were greater for adults than for children whereas the long-term effects were greater for children than for adults. The results also showed that there were overall modest but significant effect sizes for exposure to media violence on aggressive behaviors, aggressive thoughts, angry feelings, arousal levels, and helping behavior. The objective of the article was to try to find the predictors of bullying using television and two other methods to see if it was associated with it. Frederick J Zimmerman and his colleagues asked parents of 11,000 children to complete a survey to see how much television watching their child spends per day/week.
This group of drugs includes cocaine, methamphetamine, as well s nicotine. Though amphetamine does have some positive effects, including, a stimulation of cognitive activity and control of impulses, the greater effects are much ore detrimental. Due to is relative simplicity of manufacturing and overwhelming abundance; methamphetamine use is a plague on America. I personally have seen people deteriorate before my eyes due to methamphetamine use. Cocaine is another stimulant that often leads to dependence in users.
Drug advocates believe that drug legalization will cure America’s eroding and so- called unwarranted drug policy. People seem to follow this idea without understanding the true destructions that drugs already cause while illegal. In addition, Americans think the liberal drug policy of Europe is without problems. Drug legalization will cause a domino effect of problems that will tear apart America as we know it today. A very commonly abused drug is marijuana.
Deviancy and drug use go hand in hand. In fact, many consider drugs to be one of the main gateways to some of the worst kinds of deviant behavior, aside from the actual usage of drugs. When I say drugs, I’m talking not only prescription, but synthetic drugs as well, which have now become an apparent issue in smaller towns as opposed to big cities. The key link between drug usage and deviancy is mainly based off of one’s personal perception of what they deem “deviant” and what the user deems “deviant.” But the most deviant factor of all is the fact that is these drugs become so widespread in such a small area, that you have an abundance of negative potential just waiting to go off like a time-bomb. The big problem as of lately with drug usage and small towns, is that the drugs are cheap to boost profit, meaning that the lower price may have a consequence of a more harmful substance, due to certain products being cut with cheaper, more harmful chemicals.
Media exposure has a really big effect on adolescence behaviors. This article is a discussion of adolescent smoking and how media smoking exposure affects adolescent smoking. It is also about various risk factors that can affects adolescent smoking such as parental involvement, cognitive beliefs, personality and other social factors such as peer or movies. Watching movies is a popular entertainment for some adolescents. Thus, movie stars are perceived as “cool”, and become teen models that adolescents want to be.
or mind for other than medically warranted purposes. Traditional definitions of addiction, with their criteria of physical dependence and withdrawal (and often an underlying tenor of depravity and sin) have been modified with increased understanding; with the introduction of new drugs, such as cocaine, that are psychologically or neuropsychological addicting; and with the realization that its stereotypical application to opiate-drug users was invalid because many of them remain occasional users with no physical dependence. Addiction is more often now defined by the continuing, compulsive nature of the drug use despite physical and/or psychological harm to the user and society and includes both licit and illicit drugs, and the term "substance abuse" is now frequently used because of the broad range of substances (including alcohol and inhalants) that can fit the addictive profile. Psychological dependence is the subjective feeling that the user needs the drug to maintain a feeling of well-being; physical dependence is characterized by tolerance (the need for increasingly larger doses in order to achieve the initial effect) and withdrawal symptoms when the user is abstinent. Definitions of drug abuse and addiction are subjective and infused with the political and moral values of the society or culture.
This increases the heart rate of the individual, which leads to the release of dopamine, associated with pleasure. Acetylcholine receptors in the brain adapt to what they regard as normal levels of the hormones released, making smoking a necessity to maintain the new ‘normal’ level of pleasure. This is why smoking becomes a ‘necessary’ habit to maintain, as stopping can cause withdrawal symptoms such as irritable behaviour, sadness, anger, stress, fidgeting and depression. Smoking is considered as ‘addictive’