Anatomy and Physiology Case Story Chapter 3 B.) The cellular process that is normally affected when the heart stops beating is aerobic respiration. Glucose begins the process in glycolysis and oxygen is required for reactions in the mitochondria. Carbon dioxide is then produced as a byproduct, which is a waste that requires to be excreted. C.) Eukaryotic organelles are enclosed by lipid membranes.
Liver – Major role in dealing with the nutrient products of food digestion. Detoxifies harmful substances in the intestines. Involved in recycling red blood cells by breaking them down. By product is bile, which is important in the breakdown of fats. Produces essential proteins and clotting factors for the blood and regulates metabolism and cholesterol.
Plasma carries food from the stomach to cells but carries waste from the cells to the kidneys and intestine. The body needs lots of haemoglobin because it will combine with the gases; oxygen and carbon dioxide. The red cells carry the oxygen in the arteries and capillaries to cells of the body. One function of the blood is to transport materials within plasma and hemoglobin around the body. Plasma contains hormones, nutrients and waste substances.
Breads and cereals contain complex carbohydrates, along with legumes. Carbohydrates provide energy for the body, even when an individual is asleep the cells need oxygen and nutrients to function. The heart needs to beat; the brain needs energy in order to maintain their vital functions an individual also needs to replace the cells. This is known as basal metabolism. There are two different types of carbohydrate, simple carbohydrates (or sugars) and complex carbohydrates (starches and fibre).
As the chemical gradient diminished and heart tissue distal to the obstruction dies and it replaced by non contractile scar tissue. C. Which intracellular organelles have membranes as part of their structure? How would the breakdown of the membranes of these structures affect the function of Joseph’s heart cells? With ATPase’s transferring calcium from the cytosol to the endoplasmic reticulum in cardiac muscle cells, every intracellular organelle has membranes. The breakdown of the membranes of these structures affects
Supplying enough energy to support the many functions of the body at work and play is one of the chief functions of food. This energy comes from the fats, carbohydrates, and proteins in the food you eat. Without energy stored in our bodies- our bodies would not function. It is required for the molecules to move in and out of the cells, for breaking down large molecules and also foe building new ones. The role of energy in our body consists of the breakdown of large, complex molecules to the simplest form to release energy, this is called catabolism.
It is produced through the breakdown of foods that we eat. It is then stored in our muscles, the only problem being it stores a small amount of ATP energy. For our bodies to keep producing the energy needed for an activity then ATP must be continually resythesised. To do this our body breaks down ATP using an enzyme so it becomes
How would the breakdown of the membranes of these structures affect the function of Joseph’s heart cells? All intracellular organelles have membranes as part of their structure except ribosomes. The breakdown of these membranes affect the function of the heart because the lack of ATP has affected the plasma membrane pumps and stopped the moving of the ATPase calcium from the cytosol to the endoplasmic reticulum of the cardiac muscle. As the calcium level rice the protease spill into the interior of the cell which attacks the cytoskeleton, causing enzymes to eat away at the membranes. Queston D: Two important pieces of information-the instructions of Joseph’s body needs to repair itself and his predisposition for vascular disease- are both contained within the cell on which structures?
Cellular Respiration Zoom in: muscle tissue cell mitochondria cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria 3 body systems are needed to make the mitochondria work; digestion, circulation, and respiration Why digestion? through the digestive system the body acquires the food it needs to fuel all cells main food source needed are carbohydrates broken into glucose molecules the cell breaks the glucose into something smaller and sends it off to the mitochondria there the mitochondria uses these smaller pieces with oxygen to make energy for you Why circulation? the heart and vessels are responsible to pump and transport all nutrients to all parts of the body through tiny vessels called capillaries are things like glucose, oxygen and carbon
Active transport requires energy in the form of ATP and protein carriers to move the molecules across the membrane. The ATP formed as part of respiration is used in a wide variety of contexts for biology. For example, in order for an animal to move and hunt for food within its environment, it has to contract muscle tissue. The tissue is composed of cells containing actin and myosin filaments which move relative to eachother to contract a sarcomere. For this to happen, actomyosin cross-bridges form between the actin and myosin.