Imagine you're the interviewer and you interview someone who has arrived late and presented themselves in a very lazy manner; you'd immediately form the impression that this person is abnormal. Cultures do vary throughout different societies though, therefore there isn't one universal set of rules; this is known as 'cultural relativism'. What can be considered normal in one culture can be interpreted as highly abnormal in another. Consequently an individual could be labelled as mentally ill of 'abnormal'. This is a limitation of this definition of abnormality because It could mean people could misread another's behaviour as 'abnormal' when maybe that just follow another culture etc.
Avoiding people who are different, such as those with a mental/physical disability or those of a different culture, is classed as discriminatory practice. By not making an effort to talk to and find ways of communicating with these individuals, it would be seen as practice which excludes them. Automatically giving someone a bedpan, as it is ‘easier’ for the carer instead of taking
A criticism of the approach is that it isn’t scientific or researched. Most of Freud’s findings are based on case studies which can’t be replicated or generalised to a wider population. There is also evidence that Freud exaggerated some of his findings to suit his theory. Another disadvantage is it ignores the importance of everyday experiences beyond childhood which could contribute to unconscious conflict. It isn’t supported by the effectiveness of drugs which show that abnormality may have a physiological cause.
Discuss two or more definitions of abnormality (12 marks) One definition of abnormality is “deviation from social norms” and under this definition a person’s thinking or behaviour is classified as abnormal if it violates the unwritten rules about what is expected or acceptable behaviour in a particular social group. Behaviour may be incomprehensible to others or make others feel threatened or uncomfortable. For example, someone would be classified as being abnormal if they laughed at a funeral, as this is socially unacceptable. A weakness of this definition is that it lacks cultural relativity as social behaviour varies when different cultures are compared. For e.g.
However a weakness of deviation form social norms is susceptical to Abuse. Szazz (1974) claimed that mental illness was a concept constructed to exclude non conformists from society, Also Cultural realism attempts to define abnormality by cultural factors so the diagnosis of the deviate may be different for the same person depending on where their behavior was executed. This suggests that there are no universal standards or rules for labeling a behavior as abnormal. Strength of failure to function adequately would be that the indicators are useful in determining whether someone has a psychological abnormality. This is because they would enable a decision about whether clinical intervention may be needed Furthermore a weakness of ideal mental health is mental illnesses cannot be defined in the same way as physical illnesses.
To support people to live independently or to travel independently or take part in everyday activities means accepting that there are risks that cannot be avoided but can be minimised and prepared for. 1.2 For disabled people, a move away from a medical model to a social model of disability now means that there is an emphasis on the discrimination and exclusion created by social and cultural barriers. For some services, approaches to risk have in the past been concerned with avoiding potentially harmful situations to service users and staff. People may need to take risks to achieve their
Recent research has shown that even low intensity light, especially of shorter wavelength, can inhibited the production of melatonin which is thought to trigger sleep. As TV’s and monitors produce light of exactly this character, using a computer or watching TV before going to bed may be a common cause of insomnia. It should be noted however that it is difficult to measure this effect in the real world. It may be the content of TV and computer s which is cognitively stimulating rather than a primarily physiological effect. However, this environmental factors depend on individual differences as one person may be able to sleep in a cold room better than a hot room and another the alternative way around.
And while you may not be able to change the world, you can change your reaction to it.” Pg83, Hadley & Staudacher (1996). There are six categories in which stress can be categorised. * Hypostress: This is when an individual is bored, not being challenged thus becoming unmotivated. This could include those who are doing repetitive and tedious jobs. * Eustress: This is short term stress that allows an individual to become focused and gives strength to complete the task in hand.
And sometimes when you suffer from this disabilities, people are easily judge you in a way that they try to seclude you or belong you to have a below average intelligence and assume that you can not do or think the same as other people. In the other hand there is also positive impact of this disability because help is always at hand, aids and benefits are available to support you and some opportunities to have a better outlook in life is be presented. 2. Identify steps that can be taken to overcome factors that have a negative impact on individuals with sensory loss In my own opinion, the thing that can overcome factors that have a negative impact on individuals with sensory loss is to first recognize what is the problem and try to acknowledge or seek help. Like for example if an individual suffers from blindness, the person should open himself for treatment, that he/she should seek help to correct the problem.
That person might have worked all day and could be tired when I see them. So yes I do find instances in which tentative language would be more accurate. To avoid making inferences it would be better to say, “That person seems to be lazy and unmotivated.” That statement would be more tentative and it would avoid treating an inference as a fact. Now, extend your observations to other people and the language they use. When you hear others say, “She is,” “they are,” or “he is” are they really making factual statements, or are they making inferences?