Mausoleum at Halicarnassus

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Mausoleum at Halicarnassus is believed to be constructed in the fourth century BCE presented to Mausolus, the King of Caira died in 353 BCE. About 20 years later, Alexander the Great defeated Persians and conquered their territory. Halicarnassus, located at the edge of Asia Minor, was a province of the Persian Empire and influenced by Greeks due to their territory expansion at that time. Yet, there is a debate whether the structure belongs to Greek architecture or to the other cultures since the tomb no longer exists, and is preserved only in literacy. However, with its geographical, functional, structural and decorative characteristics in the literal description, I concluded that the tomb does not to belong to Greek architecture. Mausoleum at Halicarnassus seems to be influenced by Greek architecture. The tomb has a peripteral structure which is typical structure found in Archaic period of Greek temples. Mausoleum has a single row of columns on all sides with its 9 by 11 column arrangement. In addition to its peripteral structure, the tomb has Ionic colonnades of columns on the podium with the frieze that was continuous band of relief sculpture. This definitely represents Ionic Order. However, the first characteristic which shows the tomb is influenced from another culture, and differentiates from Greek style at the same time, is its geographical location. According to Marcus Vitruvius Pollio, a roman writer, architect, and engineer, he describes the city layout, Halicarnassus, as following: …behind the town, looking south over it, with a range of rugged hills behind him, and the fine deep-water bay at his feet. The shape of the city, he says, 'is like the curved shape of a theatre' that is, of course, an ancient theater, a fan shaped hollow, and he imagines the bay as being the circular orchestra.1 i This layout is quite similar to the geographical location of

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