This lab will also rely on some skills and techniques that were utilized in previous experiments, such as the using of amphoteric metals, amphoteric hydroxide solutions, and complex ion formation. Amphoterism is the ability of a substance to react with either bases or acids. An example of an amphoteric metal is Beryllium. Beryllium and all other amphoteric metals form insoluble hydroxides in limited hydroxide solutions and soluble, complex ions when they are in the presence of excess hydroxide solutions. Similar to Beryllium, Zinc and Chromium are amphoteric, but Iron and Magnesium are not amphoteric, meaning that they form insoluble precipitates in basic solutions like excess hydroxide.
Hydrogen bonding linked the borax solution and PVA together. Introduction This lab focused on producing “Ghostbuster Slime,” made from mixing borax solution (sodium Borate) with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution. The polymer was created as a result from cross-linking the two solutions. A polymer is a substance containing a molecular structure built by a very large number of similar units, or monomers, linked together. The linkage of polymers is a determining factor in the properties of a substance, such as solubility, elasticity, and viscosity.
There are several different ways to create baking soda, but the Athenium Baking Soda Company chose to make baking soda by reacting ammonium hydrogen carbonate with a highly concentrated aqueous solution of NaCl or brine. An equation to demonstrate this process is: NH4HCO3(S) + NaCl (aq) → NaHCO3 (aq) +NH4Cl(aq) This salt-water concentration not only contains a high concentration of sodium chloride, but also concentrations of calcium chloride, potassium chloride, and lithium chloride. Because of this fact residue of NH4HCO3 will possibly contain CaCl2, KCl, and LiCl. These contaminants of the brine will provide flaws to the baking soda, and thus production must be checked often by chemists who analyze the baking soda for lifespan, composition, purity, and quality. There are a couple different ways to determine the percent composition of baking soda.
Steam is introduced to the distillation system. Therefore the boiling point of the compound is depressed and allows it to evaporate at lower temperature before the compound becomes inappreciable. The retention got for this lab was 0.216 for the solvent and the limonene is 1.000. To extract the solvent, dichloromethane was added and the aqueous mixture was extracted. Then, magnesium sulfate was added as a drying agent to remove
The equipment used during this experiment was a Buchner funnel that is attached to a filter flask with the use of a rubber ring to ensure that suction can occur. Various chemical reactions that occured from mixing the scrap aluminium pieces and potassium hydroxide to get the aluminium into solution. Then the addition of the sulfuric acid to form the valuable compound of alum, the reason we preformed these reactions was to see our ability to create a useful compound as well as see its effectiveness at clearing water that is full of soil and silt. The background of this experiment is that Aluminium is a “reactive metal” but with a layer of aluminium oxide that surrounds the surface acids take a much
Jessica Atanova CHEM 104 lab 03/10/14 SUBSTANCES Granular zinc- gray crystal like | Iodine crystals- dark, circular, rock-like | De-ionized water: used for standard Zinc Ion procedure. | Materials: Boiling tube: for products. | Small test tubes: used to centrifuge the solution and precipitate | Graduated cylinder: used for measurement of water | Stirring rod: used various times to stir samples and solutions. | Spatula: used to measure and transfer the substances. | Centrifuge: used to isolate the solid from the solution | .
When the gas comes out of the ground, it comes out wet. The first stage of the refining process involves on-site heating of the gas to 212 degrees to evaporate any non-methane hydrocarbons and fluids that are mixed into the gas. (Arthur, 2008) The condensate that is generated from this process is then vented into the atmosphere. The condensate often contains the same chemical additives that are added to the well during the fracking process, as well as volatile organic compounds that are naturally occurring in the ground where the gas is stored (Witter,
The prototype of SCC for structural applications was first completed in 1988, it was called “high performance concrete”, later named as “self-compacting high performance concrete”. This prototype performed satisfactorily with regard to drying and hardening shrinkage, heat of hydration, denseness after hardening, and other properties. This concrete was defined
Double Replacement Reactions & Table F When two substances undergo a chemical reaction, new substances are formed. A double replacement reaction is one type of reaction that can form soluble or insoluble products. The purpose of the lab was to figure out how the solubility of a substance (aqueous or precipitate) can be determined when a double replacement reaction happens. Precipitates are insoluble compounds. A precipitate is a solid product that comes out of solution in a chemical reaction.
This technique can be used with aluminum cans but only after removing the exterior paint and the interior plastic coating. Alum is a chemical used in a myriad of applications including water purification, marble cement, explosives, tanning, hardening gelatin, baking powders, clarifying sugar, hardening plaster casts, and as a medicinal astringent. In this experiment, you will produce alum from an aluminum can in a multi-step synthesis reaction summarized by equation 1. You will then purify the alum through a process called recrystallization and