There are numerous subtypes of primary insomnia including; psychophysiological insomnia which is a form of anxiety-induced insomnia caused by a worry about getting a lack of sleep, idiopathic insomnia which is a lifelong sleeplessness and sleep state misinterpretation where people sleep adequately but feel they do not. The diathesis-stress model is a psychological theory explaining behaviour as a result of genetic vulnerability together with stress from life experiences. It assumes that the onset of a disorder such as insomnia results from a combination of one’s biological disposition towards the given disorder and stressful events that bring about the onset of a disorder. Other supporting evidence include Smith et al’s
Anti-depressants may be advised if depression is suspected. Depression is common in people with dementia and may be overlooked. Sleeping tablets are sometimes needed if difficulty sleeping is a persistent problem. 1.3 Outline the risks and benefits of antipsychotic medication for individuals with dementia Antipsychotics The use of using antipsychotic medicines can help treat aggression and agitation, which could also * aid better sleep, * being more cooperative, * being able to participate in daily living tasks, * able to make own decisions Possible side effects of antipsychotics can include: • drowsiness • shaking • trembling • muscle twitches • spasms • weight gain • blurred vision • constipation • lack of sex drive • dry mouth However, they are used with caution and usually for short periods because they can: * increase the risk of a person experiencing cardiovascular diseases, such as stroke or heart attack * make other symptoms of dementia worse and cause drowsiness. If antipsychotics are used, they will be
Medication would be the primary method of pain control, but other methods are often effective. Physiotherapy and biofeedback are commonly used to reduce chronic pain. Thermo-pad heat packs often provide temporary relief for mild pain. For bedridden patients, pressure redistribution mattresses and hourly repositioning are used to prevent pressure ulcers and bed sores. 1.3 Outline agreed ways of working that relate to managing pain and discomfort.
Running Head: How sleep affects our lives Jaime Gonzalez El Paso Community College 03/04/2015 Jaime Gonzalez Professor: Kathleen A. Bombach English 1302 03/04/2015 Abstract This research let readers know about the importance of getting proper amount of sleep, it’s important to know how sleep works on a person body, so we are conscious about how sleeps works on each stage of non-REM sleep and REM stage. Sleep has a lot of benefits such as energy recovery, muscle growth, and brain cells restoration. Not having enough quality and quantity sleep hours can affect a person daily life by not letting the person concentrate on what he have to do, also can affect their endocrine system by stressing out to much and having mood problems that might cause consequences such as losing their jobs because of low morals, attitude or just the way they treat costumers. The Importance of Getting Proper Sleep In our society people do not realize how important is getting a proper amount of sleep, our society is willing to sacrifice sleep hours in order to go to a party, work extra hours or even study for a test. What people do not know about this, is how sleep loss can affect their daily activities.
Without melatonin, we would have severe insomnia and various negatives effects in behavior can be seen. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus is ultimately responsible for regulating sleep patterns as it sends signals to the pineal glands for the production of melatonin according to our body clock. However, our endogenous pacemaker can be disrupted by the abnormal light rhythm to some extent. The presence of light will be detected by the SCN through the retina and
The Effect of Sleep on the Mind Studies have indicated that sleep plays a big role in the functioning of the brain. Cognitive function is negatively impacted as a result of not enough sleep and as a result may induce stress. Many factors must be considered when looking at why the brain functions differently when not fully rested, resulting in poor mental performance. “A substantial body of evidence indicates that an appropriate level of sleep is necessary for optimization of physical, cognitive, and emotional functioning, which are key domains of healthy adjustment and are at the heart of science and the practice of psychology” (Gruber, 2013, p. 62-63). Sleep and psychology are very closely related in that psychology studies mental processes and behavior, while sleep effects the wellness and health of those mental processes and behavior.
The faces scale should be used last due to its frequency of misinterpretation (Herr, 2010). The alert patient will be able to vocalize their pain level, the location, duration, frequency, intensity and type of pain. The nurse will also be able to see differences in facial expression while speaking with the alert patient. The unconscious or not alert patient will be assessed differently. The nurse must be very observant and watch for signs of pain.
This will have a drastic affect if working is the activity or something that requires full attention. Even though it is likely for both genders to be diagnosed with insomnia it is most common for women. A sleepless night will also cause women to age faster. Weil, M.D also stated that “During sleep the body produces mane important hormones and neurotransmitters, such as human growth hormone and serotonin.” (2011) Serotonin is a hormone that affects your moods, learning ability and
Moreover, the effects will be cumulative, so a mild reduction in sleep per night can be after a period of time, result in significant functional deficits. There is increasing evidence that sleep deprivation has detrimental effects on the immune response, indicating that sleep should be considered a vital part of the immune system and that there is a mutual relationship between sleep and immunity. This relationship is important because over recent decades, there has been a decreasing in the mean duration and quality of sleep in the population. The concept that lack of sleep might be compromised immunity in the population has far-reaching public-health implications for both individuals and society.
Sleep is a basic human necessity and one that is usually taken for granted. A large volume of research has been conducted on the importance of sleep for the optimal functioning in all areas of human life including, social, cognitive, physical, emotional, etc (Kajimura, 1998; Bieling, Antony and Swinson, 1998; Afkham-ebrahimi, Rasoulian, Taherifar and Zare, 2010; Gadberry, 2011). Contrary to popular belief, sleep is an active state and lack of quality sleep can have drastic consequences on one’s overall functioning (Afkham-Ebrahimi et. al, 2010). Pilcher, Ginter and Sadowsky (1997) found that sleep quality was more important than sleep quantity, implying that there is no set amount of sleep that is adequate but rather, it is essential to ensure the sleep you get is of a certain quality.