Legitimacy of central power was established by the emperor using Han Feizi’s method of rule “shi” which incorporated Daoist spontaneous actions and wu-wei emptiness while knowing the true nature of reality. Han Feizi advocated in his 7 Statecrafts that a strong ruler speak in opposites and act in contradictories to manipulate orders and rule on a whim. Aggressive war was supported for bringing merit through danger, uniting people under the emperor and expansion to bring economic prosperity to advance power of the state. After unifying China and defeating all six other Warring States, the Qin state was divided into 36 commandaries and counties, abolishing Zhou feudalism and priveleges of the nobility system. The emperor ruled using officials and ministers through civil governors, military governor and oversears.
The CCP survived during the Nanjing decade was due to the Futian incident in 1930. This is when Mao led a violent two month purge against a rival unit within the Jiangxi Red Army. This involved the torture and mass execution of 3000 officers and men considered to be either GMD supporters or supporters of Li lisan who was also Mao’s rival. This act enabled him to wipe out any spies or people who were not fully attached to the CPP and lacks belief that they are going to be victorious. This could be seen as a key event for CCP because this gave the CCP supporters a wakeup call and made them stronger as a team.
DID SHI HUANGDI DO WHAT WAS NECESSARY TO MAKE CHINA STRONG? INTRODUCTORY POWERPOINT References Oxford Big Ideas (Text book): pages 282 – 283 Pearson History S.B. : pages 260-263 PowerPoint slides on Shi Huangdi 1. Using the references above and any other reference, fill in the table below, presenting the positive and negative aspects of his rule POSITIVE ASPECTS OF HIS RULE | NEGATIVE ASPECTS OF HIS RULE | * He introduced a number of reforms to increase his imperial authority and govern the empire more easily. * He chose to appoint independent governors to help avoid the collapse the empire * Shi Huangdi abolished the practice of the primogeniture in which the eldest son had to inherit all of their land.
Han China vs. Imperial Rome The methods of political control used in Han China (206 B.C.E-220 C.E.) were similar to that of Imperial Rome (31 B.C.E-476 C.E. ); however, these societies greatly differed on their oppositions of governing and the techniques used in maintaining control over citizens, expansions, and their falls. Han China and Imperial Rome had similar governments because they were ruled under one central leader, however, Han China had an emperor that enforced policies and Imperial Rome had a republic because they felt the monarchy did no good to the people. The Senate of Rome had most control over the citizens.
They isolated themselves from other countries; but after their imperialisms in the late 1800s, the countries went on different paths. China remained traditional and denied modernization and suffered because of it, while Japan emulated the imperial powers and became an imperial power themselves. Before the early 1700s and the late 1800s, China was a leading nation. China was fairly strong during earlier periods of history. It had a strong and peaceful government during the Qing Empire and imperial powers such as Britain and the U.S. were interested in Chinese goods.
The Qin Dynasty is well known for beginning the Great Wall of China. The other major contributions of the Qin include the concept of a centralized government, the unification of the legal code, development of the written language, measurement, and currency of China after the tribulations of the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods. The Han Dynasty emerged in 206 BC, with its founder Liu Bang proclaimed emperor in 202 BC. It was the first dynasty to embrace the philosophy of Confucianism, which became the ideological underpinning of all regimes until the end of imperial China. Under the Han Dynasty, China made great advances in many areas of the arts and sciences.
The British government retaliated with much force, resulting in Chinese defeat, which then forth became the Treaty of Nanking. The Treaty of Nanking is labeled as one of the “Unequal Treaties” for many reasons. When Britain implemented the Treaty of Nanking, much of the life that China knew would soon be no more, the island of Hong Kong was forced over to British ownership and control, rights were taken away, tariffs implemented, and the destruction of Opium by Lin caused a six million dollar “refund” to England. Since China was a closed nation, with an old-fashioned way of life and military technology, this caused a great disadvantage for them, trying to fight against what British was doing to their country. China had no say or control to what Britain was doing to them, and no way of fighting back or retaliating.
What if foreign armies had decided not to involve themselves in the Taiping Rebellion? The Taiping Rebellion was a huge rebel group organized mainly by Hong Xiuquan that was initiated to rebel against the Qing dynasty Chinese government. This rebellion was the largest peasant revolt in Chinese history (BGE). It began in the province of Guangxi and was led by millenarian Christian leader Hong Xiuquan (Taiping Rebellion). After several victories and captures of cities by the Taipings the Chinese government eventually got tired of it and sent out for help from the west.
After the fall of the Han Empire there was a vacuum of political instability. In less than forty years the Sui rulers reunified China. They reestablished Confucianism as the central philosophy of government. The Sui period is also distinctive because of the strong political influence of Buddhism. The accomplishments of the Sui Empire were the 1,100 mile Grand Canal that linked the Yellow River in Northern China with the Yangzi River in Southern China.
More specifically, imperialism is the use of powerful national influence to impose its position over another society to acquire control of territory, government, and economy. Most often this process is by conquest, but can also be reached in agreement of purchase or an agreement of economic benefit to both societies. The biggest advantage for imperialism is the economic benefits. This was no different in the 1890’s and the country’s aggressive expansion policies. Other major objectives at this time were political, economic, and military control of beneficial societies.