In the mid-12th century, the Turkic ruler Saladin rose to lead the Seljuks and succeeded in uniting the fragmented Muslim armies of Southwest Asia and North Africa. To Saladin, the Christian armies were the infidels that had to be evicted. When Saladin’s forces took Jerusalem, the call went out across Europe to launch another crusade. Three kings came forward-Emperor Frederick Barbarossa of Germany, King Phillip II of France, and King Richard I, later known as Richard the Lionheart of England. Held in 1187-1192.
onCONSTANTINE * also known as Constantine I or Saint Constantine,[3] was Roman Emperor from 306 to 337. Well known for being the first Roman emperor to be converted to Christianity * Constantine and co-Emperor Licinius issued the Edict of Milan in 313, which proclaimed tolerance of all religions throughout the empire. * Constantine defeated the emperors Maxentius and Licinius during civil wars. He also fought successfully against the Franks,Alamanni, Visigoths, and Sarmatians during his reign — even resettling parts of Dacia which had been abandoned during the previous century. * Constantine built a new imperial residence at Byzantium, naming it New Rome.
There are accounts of a speech made by Pope Urban II however, these were all written after the success of the first crusade so it is not, necessarily, reliable. What is clear is that it was very successful as it led to 40,000 crusaders marching their way across Europe to help and rescue the Holy land. Urban promised
Dakota Crawley 11/19/13 World History 2.03 The Crusades The First Crusade "It all started with the leader Godfrey of Bouillon. They started at Constantinople and marched through land that was held by the Seljuk Turks to Antioch. During there march Godfrey's brother who was named Baldwin set up the first Crusaders State at Edessa." The Second Crusade "This crusade was led by King Louis VII of France and Emperor Conrad III of Germany. They were leading their armies to the holy land.
Charlemagne defeated thousands of barbarians and kings during his time of power. He was a very pious Christian, and spread Christianity throughout the Carolingian Empire. Most importantly, using the re-establishment of education and order, Charlemagne was able to save many political rights and bring back culture in Western Europe. The fall of the Roman Empire triggered an era in history known as the “Dark Ages.” The Empire had been divided and taken over by barbarian tribes from the North and East. There was tons of chaos and havoc all over.
Henry also wanted more power because he wanted Europe to know that England is a powerful country and he wanted a son because he thought that men were more powerful than women. He got more power buy being famous for marrying six wives and spiting from the church. Edward VI Edward born in 1537 was a very smart educated boy and was interested in politics and things like that (I personally don’t know why). So he decides to change the church to his liking. The first thing he did was change the prayers books into English, the he abolished the Catholic Mass and was replaced with the Holy Communion, he turned Church interiors plain and simple, he told priests to wear plain clothing, he said priests couldn’t get married, he said you couldn’t buy your way to heaven and finally traditions were banned such as Christmas.
1008 - Sigfrid (or Sigurd), English missionary, baptizes King Olof of Sweden 1009 - Bruno of Querfurt is beheaded in Prussia where he had gone as a missionary 1017 - The Danish king Canute converts to Christianity 1099 - Crusaders capture Jerusalem and massacre 70,000 Muslims as well as Jews 1200 - The Bible is now available in 22 different languages 1219 - Francis of Assisi presents the Gospel to the Sultan of Egypt 1266 - Mongol leader Khan sends Marco Polo's father and uncle, Niccolo and Matteo Polo, back to Europe with a request to the Pope to send 100 Christian missionaries (only two responded and they turned back before reaching Mongol territory) 1276 - Ramon Llull opens training center to send missionaries to North Africa 1289 - Franciscan friars begin mission work in China 1368 - Collapse of the Franciscan mission in China as Ming Dynasty abolishes Christianity 1379 - Stephen of Prem travels north toward the White Sea and settles as a missionary among the Finno-Ugric speaking Komi peoples living between Pechora and Vychegda Rivers at Ust-Vim 1382 - Bible translated into English from Latin by John Wycliff Apostolic Period AD 30-100 Jesus Stephen 1st martyrs: was stoned James 1st apostolic: was
The progress of the empire was explosive. In 1453, the Sultan Mohamad II conquered Constantinople (renamed Istanbul) putting an end to the Eastern Roman Empire. The Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent conquered modern Yugoslavia in 1521, and conquered Hungary after his victory at the battle of Mohacs in 1526. However, he failed to take Vienna after winter forced an end to his siege in 1529. The Ottomans went on to take Transylvania and Wallachia as well.
Timeline; 4 B.C; Jesus is born 27; Jesus begins his ministry 30; Jesus is crucified; the Church is born at Pentecost 100; Christianity becomes illegal in the Roman Empire 381; Emperor Theodosius declares Christianity the official religion of Roman Empire 440-461; Pope Leo the Great steps into the power vacuum providing both religious and political leadership. 1301; King of France arrests the pope. 1789; John Carrol becomes the first Bishop in the United States and creates the first diocese, the See of Baltimore 2000; Year of Jubilee. Holy Sites and Places of Worship; Typical churches. Cathedrals of great artistry stone figures, with great stone buildings with carved figures and turrents each with a statue of Jesus.
The Crusades or Jihad (holy war) between Islamic and the Christian fanatics from 635 to 1588, was outright murder, sanctioned war or just a convenient religious method of getting rid of the opposition supported by the Churches and rulers of the time. I think it really depends on whether you are asking a Christian, or a Muslim, or someone who is an Atheist and a supporter of neither religious group. No matter whom you talk to though you will undoubtedly get a different answer form each. I think the Crusades and Jihad where murderous in nature, in the name of a god who could care a less about land, and if conducted today depending on the country would be considered terrorism. I say that because the United States invaded Iraq for no real solid reason and the world community other than Middle Eastern countries railed around and supported us, however think back when Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait in 1990.