In 73BC Caesar returned to Rome after his assistance in military activities in Asia Minor and attack on the pirates who held him ransom. On his return he became a member of the College of Pontiffs, a pontifex, and shortly after, became a military tribune. After the death of his aunt Julia and wife Cornelia in 69BC, Caesar was elected as a quaestor at the appropriate age, and served in Further Spain. By 65BC, he served as curile aedile and it was around this time his public popularity increased. “He ran for pontifex maximus… Caesar won by a comfortable margin.
Octavian was in total control of Rome after Antony and Cleopatra both committed suicide. The first thing Octavian had to do before being able to make any changes in Rome was to restore order. He called himself, princeps, or first citizen carefully avoiding the title of emperor, so the new government was officially called the Principate. In 27 BC, the Senate gave Octavian the name Augustus as a title of honor. Augustus ruled for about 40 years bringing great change to the empire.
The people who died in Pompeii lived in an advanced society. The Imperial army was set up to put use to previous enemies. It was also undefeated and put roman soldiers to constant training. The competition for status in hierarchy even let Rome control towns without any military enforcement. Roman strategies allowed Rome to control their towns with ease.
4/22/09 History 103 Prof. Elliot The rise and fall of the Roman Empire Many have heard the history of one of the greatest empires of all time. The Roman Empire had paved the path that the American founding fathers looked to for inspiration and wisdom from learning from the mistakes of historical leaders to create the government we are today. In researching, many wonder how exactly did the empire fail? It looked like the perfect and strongest form of government to the outside nations, and yet it failed still and became a lesson to others and just another page in a history book. Many historians have researched the military and the government of the Roman Empire and it is yet still difficult to find if there was an exact moment that the roman
By the time of Julius Caesar's dictatorship and subsequent assassination at the hands of the Senate, the Roman Republic was in a virtual free-fall of corruption and struggle for power. The Roman people were tired of the turmoil brought on by decades of war and needed a leader that could and would restore peace, order, and prosperity. Nonetheless, thirteen years of civil war followed Caesar's assassination and during this time Octavian, the grand-nephew and heir of Caesar, came into his sizable inheritance. He entered into a military-dictatorship (the Second Triumvirate) of Rome with supporters of his late great-uncle, was given a senate seat, and was elected consul and granted imperium, all before the age of twenty. Before he was 32 years
Octavian gained victory and claimed the supreme rule of the Roman world. Upon his return from Egypt in 29BC, Octavian had full consulship powers and under counsel of his uncle’s death, refuted the appearance of acquisitioning too much power by ‘transferr(ing) the republic from my power to that domination of the senate and the people of Rome’. In return the senate conferred upon him proconsular imperium, whilst continuing to be elected consul every year. In a shrewd attempt for more power, Octavian decided to step down from his roles of power and show allegiance to the republican Rome. However in return the senate placed upon him more power
The military reforms of Gaius Marius resulted in soldiers often having more loyalty to their commander than to the city, and a powerful general could hold the city and Senate ransom. This led to civil war between Marius and his protegé Sulla, and culminated in Sulla's dictatorship of 81–79 BC. In the mid-1st century BC, three men, Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus, formed a secret pact—the First Triumvirate—to control the Republic. After Caesar's conquest of Gaul, a stand-off between Caesar and the Senate led to civil war, with Pompey leading the Senate's forces. Caesar emerged victorious, and was made dictator for life.
Once king, he implemented a regime that included extensive training programs, strong chains of command, and permanent units. He established supply lines, bases of operation, and adopted separate infantry, artillery, and cavalry units in order to redefine battle formations. He was the first to further divide these units into squadrons, then brigades, and so on ensuring a system of cooperation within the whole of the army than was unlike any army elsewhere. He used the newest and best weapons improving musketry. He easily became the “father of modern warfare”.
Throughout his entire life, he had a very charismatic personality. This helped him to succeed in inspiring and motivating his men. Having the respect of his soldiers helped him to become a favourable political leader that people were able to look up to and admire.In addition, Alexander was a very strategic individual. It was due to this that he managed to create many effective military positions. This played a big role in his many victories, as he was able to win battles against the other leaders who did not have equally adequate positions.
Because the constitution was unwritten it was ever expanding to fit the needs of the Republic and its people. It is because of this “elastic” constitution, the republic lasted so long in Roman history. The early republic was controlled by an aristocracy. The patricians, who could trace their ancestry, back to the early history of the kingdom had the most sway over the government and the laws were made to keep them in power. (“The Roman Republic”) Over time, the laws that allowed these individuals to dominate the government were replaced and the result was a new aristocracy.