“Emperor Wu Zhao: a Symbol of Female Power?”

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The Tang dynasty was the reigning dynasty from 618-907 and stretched across a vast area of land. The Tang dynasty had long been dominated by Confucian ideals and male emperors that controlled all modes of power. The state government of the Tang dynasty was Confucianism. Confucianism is a powerful and effective ideology of order that, when implemented by a strong dynasty, creates a hierarchical structure within society. Confucianism was mainly concerned with the five relationships; ruler to minister, father to son, older brother to younger brother, husband to wife, and friend to friend. Within these five relationships women are only referred to once and that is in a subordinate relationship to her husband, thus validating the claim that women held zero power in Tang society. Confucianism is extremely stringent upon knowing ones place in society and gives power to the one that holds a higher status in regards to the five relationships. In Tang China women were not revered as equals to men they were their subordinates and the Chinese conception of gender roles at the time was that the “male was venerated and the female is denigrated.” In all aspects of society women were separate; they even had their own versions of the Confucian Classics. The role of women in Tang society was to fulfill their duties within the household and respect their male superiors. Within the palace women played many roles; there were courtesans and prostitutes and concubines and wives. The women that held the most power in Tang society were the women within the palace and were closest to the emperor. It was not until Wu Zhao entered the palace that women had a profound impact on Tang society, politically and socially. She entered the palace as a concubine and would go on to become emperor of the Tang and the founder of her own dynasty, the Zhou dynasty. Wu Zhao had an immense impact on the role

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