It can mean that tasks such as making a cup of tea, or a sandwich can no longer be completed. Mobility is often affected in advanced dementia, which may mean individuals, can no longer physically, hold or lift items needed to eat and drink. People can often become withdrawn and depressed within dementia, and often this causes issues around eating, as emotional mood can greatly affect appetite. It can sometimes mean that people do not want to eat, have no will to and lack the function to have, or prepare a meal. However, Dementia can have the opposite effect.
Too much fat in a person’s diet can also cause disease when over consumed. Too many carbohydrates can lead to obesity and an increase in calories. Just as much as too many macronutrients is not good for a person too little has its effects too. If a person continually eats too little protein he or she can become susceptible to disease, it can cause a person to develop anemia, dry skin can develop and in women their bones can become brittle. If a person does not have enough carbs in his or her diet, he or she lacks needed calories that is also known as malnutrition.
Secondly, functional changes that may occur with someone with dementia is that they may have had a stroke or have weakness in using limbs which would affect them using utensils such as a knife and fork for instance not having the strength to lift the fork to their mouth. Or they may have lost strength within the swallowing or chewing, this would significantly affect a person in reference to eating drinking and nutrition. This can lead to a person not being able to eat and therefore losing weight and possibly malnourished and becoming dehydrated. Thirdly, emotional changes can affect eating, drinking and nutrition in a huge way. For instance people with dementia can be affected by grief as in the most common of circumstances they are elderly and may have suffered the loss of a partner.
Depending on its cause, emaciation may have other features, and while from the outside these symptoms look severe, on the inside of the body it is more dangerous, as most of the body’s systems aren't provided with the nutrition required to function well or normally. The more severe low body weight is, the more risk this poses. (Fargo, 2012) Emaciation has numerous causes, and things like involuntary starvation should not be overlooked. In areas where poverty is extreme, few residents may get the nutrition they need and they may begin to show signs of emaciation. Appearance isn’t the only issue, and starvation is life-threatening.
Some people experience a difference of ageing compared to others. Physical changes can happen to the skin, bones joints and muscles which are: • The skin becomes thinner and more wrinkled • Bones become less dense and more likely to fracture easily • Joints becomes stiffer and may become painful as the cartilage on the bone ends become looser • The ligaments which reinforce joints become more rounded Sense: The sense of balance will become impaired. Also your ability taste and smell can deteriorate. With your vision it can deteriorate because of a range of problems and cataract will develop. Organs: The muscles in the digestive tract become weak which creates a risk of constipation.
Failure to do so results in their immune system producing antibodies which attacks the lining of their bowel causing them to have abdominal pains, constipation/diarrhoea, bloating, difficulty in gaining weight in childhood or maintaining weight in adulthood and anaemia. Because it affects the way their body can absorb nutrients it can also lead to osteoporosis and increase their risk of bowel cancer. Some foods can be bought that are labelled ‘gluten free’ but tend to be more expensive. • Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is the term used to describe a condition when on inspection of the bowel everything seems normal, but the person suffers with symptoms like abdominal pain, flatulence, bloating and constipation/diarrhoea. The person may want to keep a food diary to help discover which foods make their condition worse and avoid them in the future.
This means that person with dementia can forget how important it is to eat and drink. They also may lose sense of hunger and thirst. It can become problem putting client’s health at risk. Functional change is losing ability to remember how to eat using cutlery. Instead, some people find easier to pick up food by hand, so finger food should be provided.
These might be; shoulders or shoulder blades, elbows, back of the head, rims of ears, knees, ankles, heels or toes, spine, tail bone and buttocks. Some of the factors that can put an individual at risk of developing pressure sores are poor nutrition or hydration, a health condition that limits the blood supply(diabetes and peripheral arterial disease) making the skin vulnerable to bruising and damage, poor mobility, age or urine or bowel incontinence. By using incorrect moving and handling techniques you are putting individuals at risk of damaging their skin. This can happen when individuals are moved into chairs as they may be unable to get out of them therefore leaving the individual sat on the same area causing
Crohn’s also causes small sores or ulcers on the surface of the intestines that eventually penetrate into the intestinal walls. Reduced appetite is due to the abdominal pain and cramping and weight loss is contributed to the inability to digest and absorb
A feeling of low energy and fatigue is also common. Loss of normal menstrual cycle, night sweats and fever are general symptoms that may also be associated with IBD. Since Crohn’s disease severely limits the ability of the affected intestine to absorb the nutrients from food, a patient may have signs of malnutrition, depending on the amount of intestine that is affected and the duration of the disease (Wexler, 2013). While an auto-reactive antibody hasn’t yet been found in Crohn’s, it is generally accepted that autoimmunity is the underlying cause. Diet and stress may aggravate Crohn’s disease, but they do not cause the disease on their own.