Characteristics of American Romanticism

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Characteristics of American Romanticism Overview "Romanticism," as a term, derives from "romance," which from the Medieval Period (1200-1500) and on simply meant a story (e.g. all the chivalric, King Arthur legends) that was adventuristic and improbable. "Romances" are distinguished from "novels," which emphasize the mundane and realistic. The period between 1860 and 1900, for the U.S., is often called "The Age of Realism," because of the many authors who present their novels' subject matter in a realistic manner. The "Romantic Period" refers to literary and cultural movements in England, Europe, and America roughly from 1770 to 1860. Romanticism does not appear in the U.S. until Irving and Emerson are writing; so, somewhat confusingly, the Romantic Period in the U.S. (1830-1860) overlaps with the period in which U.S. culture may also be said to be "Victorian" (1830-1880). One consequence of the latter: a writer such as Hawthorne is both Romantic and Victorian. Other works of the period--such as Harriet Beecher Stowe's best-seller Uncle Tom's Cabin--are not "Romantic," but are rather much closer to the realistic fiction of Victorian Britain's George Eliot. American Romantics tend to respect Nature as a sacred holy place of non-artificiality, where the Self can fulfill its potential. American Romantics also defend spiritual perception or insight. They often, however, illustrate the egotistic, futile, and destructive aspects of their questing heroes. American Romantics are usually radically egalitarian and politically progressive. Democracy elevates everyone to the same status. One is no longer part of a traditional, old-world hierarchy. Everyone has a chance to maximize one's own worth. But independence also leads to a sense of isolation (no traditional, supportive community; families on the move West, etc.). Without traditional context, insecurity

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