Hydrogen peroxide is a poisonous chemical to all living things. Catalase converts H 2O 2into 2 separate harmless substances, water and oxygen. In this experiment we will be testing the effects of temperature, pH and substrate concentration on Catalase. The optimum pH of catalase is 7 and its optimum temperature is 37 degrees. Aim: To test the effect of change in pH, Temperature and substrate concentration on catalase in liver Hypothesis: we predict the enzyme will have its greatest reaction when it is in its optimum temperature, pH and substrate concentration Risk assessment: * Wear gloves when handling raw liver.
Figure 4a shows data on REACTION RATE vs. the effects of enzyme inhibition experiment. The enzyme did not work with the inhibitor. 5) DISSCUSION Our hypothesis was that while trying to determine the optimum temperature for peroxidase the enzyme was going to denature or that the enzyme activity was going to increase at 60°C. Based on our results we concluded that it was a moderate inhibitor because as the temperature increased the reaction rate (absorbance) also increased instead of decreasing. For the effect of the pH on the peroxidase we did think that the pH5 was going to have the greatest amount of absorbance because it reacted well and it had the most enzyme.
Our result would have been clearer to observe if we centrifuged it long enough because we might have lost some of the precipitate while washing it since it was not centrifuged long enough. 4. Answer the post lab questions: a. Zn + I2 + H2O Zn(OH)2 + I2 b. Zn(OH)2 + CH3COOH Zn(O2CCH3)2 c. A side reaction is an unwanted chemical reaction taking place that diminishes the yield of the desired product. d. In the synthesis of Zinc iodide, acetic acid was used because the aim of the experiment was to derive Zinc iodide. If we used water instead of acetic acid then zinc would have reacted with water and become Zinc hydroxide which would hinder our purpose.
Hereditary Fructose Intolerance Enzymes are involved in processes such as the breakdown of fructose because they speed the process up. These reactions would be a lot slower without them or may not happen at all. They act as a catalyst. Fructose is used as a source of energy for our bodies. Enzymes are needed to breakdown this sugar into energy.
A con is the higher risk of destruction of normal body flora. Drug allergy, drug toxicity, and creation of resistant microorganisms are also facts that need to be taken into consideration. Narrow-spectrum antimicrobials can only target either Gram-negative or Gram-positive microorganisms or a small variety of microorganisms at the time used. A con is that the bacteria have to be indentified first, before treatment can start. The pros are the reduced risk of creating resistant microorganisms and less chance of harming the host.
Cyanide is a poison that very specifically blocks the transport of electrons in the electron transport chain. Based on the purpose of this part of cellular respiration, why would you hypothesize that cyanide is so deadly? (1 mark) Cyanide binds to the cytochrome c oxidase enzyme inhibiting the transfer of electrons from fourth complex to the oxygen molecule; cyanide is so deadly because it prevents the oxidative phosphorylation. The tissues (primarily brain and heart) that produce ATP aerobically can no longer use oxygen for the energy production, therefore, they start producing energy anaerobically which affects the functioning of tissues and after sometime the tissues can no longer produce energy which ultimately leads to
We also collected an accurate amount of acidified water, used to start the reaction. Everything before that point was done with accuracy so we believed it would be a successful experiment, however, we encountered a small problem while swirling the reactants in the”R” tube. The directions stated to swirl untill the solution is in room temperature and we followed this rule but other groups swirled until they saw the reaction getting to a pale yellow. We put the solution over the bunsen burner while it was still pretty brownish in color. For our second experiment, we did not repeat this possible mistake.
Name: Alexis Savastano How Does pH Affect an Enzyme? Catalase is an enzyme that helps decompose the toxic hydrogen peroxide that is produced during normal cell activities. The products of this reaction are water and oxygen gas. The pressure of the oxygen gas in a closed container increases as oxygen is produced. Any increase in the rate of reaction will cause an increase in the pressure of the oxygen.
With the use of this technique we placed chlorine, bromine, and iodine into solutions containing chloride, bromide, and iodide. In the reaction the free halogen (X2) oxidizes the other halide ion (Y-) and gets reduced by gaining electron(s). In table 3, chlorine was the strongest oxidizing agent and iodine was the weakest oxidizing agent. Since chlorine was the strongest oxidizing agent it will react more and the weak agent will react less. This explanation can be demonstrated in table 3 also because the results of the reactions demonstrates that chloride reacted more by the color of the product compared to the color of chloride in the mineral oil.
If the body rises above the optimum temperature your cells cannot maintain healthy cellular function and would become denatured. Receptors pick this negative feedback up and send a message through the sympathetic nervous system to flatten the hair on your body to increase conductivity, it causes the sweat glands to secrete liquid which evaporates of your body to cool you down and it causes your capillaries to rise to the surface of your skin to radiate heat to help cool the body down. All of this help to regulate your body’s temperature to maintain good cellular function therefore maintaining healthy functioning of the body. Homeostasis is