Mlt1 Task9 Essay

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Clinical microbiology MLT1 Task 9 Antibiotic Sensitivity Chandra Evans A) Selectively Toxic is defined by the fact that the antimicrobial treatment used, destroys selective microorganisms, but doesn’t harm the host. Selective toxicity of an agent is necessary so that during treatment the agent will not affect or interact with the normal functioning microorganisms in the host. The agent will interact with microbial structures and functions that are not the same as the microbial structures of the host. B) Broad spectrum antimicrobials are effective against a large range of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive microorganisms A pro of this type of agent is the fact that a variety of bacteria is targeted at the same time when used. A con is the higher risk of destruction of normal body flora. Drug allergy, drug toxicity, and creation of resistant microorganisms are also facts that need to be taken into consideration. Narrow-spectrum antimicrobials can only target either Gram-negative or Gram-positive microorganisms or a small variety of microorganisms at the time used. A con is that the bacteria have to be indentified first, before treatment can start. The pros are the reduced risk of creating resistant microorganisms and less chance of harming the host. C) Antimicrobial resistance can be observed when: - The bacteria is able to change the cell envelope and prevents the agent from entering the cell - The bacteria increase the release of toxins and decrease the effect of the agent - The bacteria multiply rapidly and start forming biofilms which inactivate the agent. D) - I measured an affected area with a diameter of 22mm around the Novobiocin after 72 hours. This indicates according to table 1 that the S.epidermidis is susceptible to Novobiocin. - Gentamicin measured an area with a diameter of 19mm around it= S.epidermidis is susceptible to

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