Attitudes Towards Disabled People

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Chapter 3 Attitudes Toward Disabled People 3.1 Introduction In order to explore attitudes of disabled people toward other disabled people, it is important to be clear as to what is meant by the term attitude. Attitudes have been defined in a variety of ways over the past century, and have various meanings as a result of having bridged both psychology and sociology (Allport, 1954). Whilst it is not within the scope of this research to explore in detail the debates around the definition of attitudes, it is important to examine the key issues relating to the field of Disability Studies. This chapter will then explore the implications of attitudes toward disabled people, using employment and the debate surrounding the right to life as illustrations. In addition, the consequences of negative attitudes toward disabled people in terms of social exclusion will be explored, including the attitudes of professionals working in the field of disability. Likewise, the emerging ‘positive’ attitudes toward disabled people, including from disabled person’s perspectives, will be discussed, thus offering an alternative to more traditional beliefs toward disability. There is also presented a discussion in relation to the hierarchy of impairment that identifies how the strength of attitude varies according to impairment type, thus challenging the notion that disabled people are an homogenous group, but rather, should be viewed in terms of impairment type. 3.2 Definition of Attitudes Allport (1935: p. 810) views attitudes as a neuro-physiological disposition, defining an attitude as “a mental and neural state of readiness, organised through experience, exerting a directive or dynamic influence upon the individual’s response to all objects and situations with which it is related”. Ostrom (1989) challenges Allport’s ‘state of readiness’ concept as being, “…too complex

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