1.1 Identify the differences between bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. Bacteria: A bacteria is a single celled organism, they are either a parasite or live independently. Bacteria have three basic shapes. Antibiotics can usually kill them; A few examples of bacteria could be meningitis, Ear infections, and conjunctivitis. Fungi :A Fungus is a spore producing organism and can live as a single celled yeast or as a larger multi-cellular mould.
Cocci bacteria exchange the genetic material to the DNA of the host cells therefore causing ailments (Heritage, 2006). In this case, the pathogen first attaches itself through infection to the host living thing, then penetrates to the cells and again attaches to the host cells. Some species of the cocci bacteria have the capability to generate very resistive structure called endospores (Heritage, 2006). This resistive
Some fungi have beneficial uses. For example, penicillin and yeast for baking. Thrush is a common fungal infection. Parasites are small organisms which depend can only live on a host. Plants, animals, humans, fish, birds and reptiles can all be host to parasites.
Some are unicellular and some are multi cellular. Bacteria is a large group of single celled organisms that are found in every corner of the earth, be it land, air or water. Viruses are parasites which means they can cause harmful diseases such as small pox. (www.sciencedaily.com/articles/m/microorganism.htm) Algae are another diverse group of plants that may be unicellular or multi-cellular but are autotrophic. Diatoms are type of algae , found in toothpaste, they can be classified into two groups called centric and pennate.
They are contained in a protein coating which makes them more difficult to destroy. Virus cells are shaped like rods, spheres or tiny tadpoles. They reproduce by invading cells in our body. Viruses can be more serious and are responsible for causing a variety of diseases for example, Norovirus, AIDS, HIV, influenza, small pox and measles. There are different types of fungi for example mushrooms are a fungi and some cheeses have fungi in them, however fungi can also cause illnesses such as Candida, this is yeast that causes infection.
Giardia lamblia is a single celled organism that causes a diarrheal infection of the small intestines and is one of the most common parasites in the United States. Giardia lamblia is a flagellated protozoan parasite which means it is an organism with one or more whip-like organelles called flagella. Flagellum is a hair like appendage that protrudes from the cell body, and it is how the organism moves around. The infectious agent can be transmitted by ingesting or swallowing water, food, or soil that is contaminated with giardia cysts (hard shells containing giardia). Some examples would be public swimming pools or spas.
While Ozwell E. Spencer was planning on using the advantages of the virus for military uses, the Co-founder Edward Ashford wanted to use the virus for mankind’s benefit. The purpose of the investigation led to a lot of controversy between the employees of Umbrella. The T-Virus was created by the only inspiration of a deadly virus called Ebola, which left no more than demise as it spread. Initially, the development of the project was focused of the Mother Virus (Progenitor Virus), which was discovered decades ago by the founders of Umbrella Incorporated. The T-Virus had its origin when another Co-founder called James Marcus combined the original DNA of a leech with the Progenitor Virus.
ANTIBIOTICS 1. For each of the following antibiotics name the microorganism responsible for their production, using the appropriate naming convention. a) Penicillin: Penicillium chrysogenum/P.notatum b) Erythromycin: Saccharopolyspora erythraea c) Vancomycin : Amycolaptosis orientali 2. Explain why antibiotics are produced by microorganisms. Antibiotics are produced by microorganism because they inhibit the growth of or kill other microorganisms; they are effective in low concentrations and act on specific species of microorganisms.
In the United States, there are two types of the disease. The first is called human monocytic ehrlichiosis, which is caused by E. chaffeensis. The second is called Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis, which is also known as human granulocytic anaplasmosis, caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum. The ehrlichia bacteria can be carried by three different kinds of ticks: the American dog tick, the deer tick, and the lone star tick (U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2011). Ehrlichia bacteria live within the white blood cells of their hosts.
A3: Mechanical digestion is the act of physically breaking down food into smaller pieces to aid with chemical digestion. Chewing is an example of mechanical digestion. Chemical digestion is the process where enzymes are introduced into the gut, where it mixes with the food there. The food is at that time, broken down to the molecular level allowing the body to absorb the nutrients for use throughout the body. A4: 1 – Amylase 2 – Lipase 3 – Pepsin 4 – Nucleases 5 – Lactase 6 – Trypsin A5: Research of experiments previously performed can be invaluable when one is looking to design their own experiments to perform.