Other fungi can cause illness. One example is Candida — a yeast that can cause infection. Candida can cause thrush — an infection of the mouth and throat — in infants and in people taking antibiotics or who have an impaired immune system. Fungi are also responsible for skin conditions such as athlete’s foot and ringworm. A parasite is an organism that lives on or inside another organism to the detriment of the host organism.
Some of the world’s most serious and deadly diseases are viral. In order to cause disease bacteria must enter the body. Routes for bacteria include; cuts, contact with infected faeces, contaminated food or water, close contact with an infected person, breathing in droplets from an infected persons cough or sneeze or indirectly by touching a contaminated surface. Viruses can be spread from one person to another through coughs and sneezes, vomit, exposure to infected bodily fluids, sexual intercourse and sharing infected needles. Fungi infections, there are several types of fungal infections.
Typical Viruses are illnesses like smallpox, measles, mumps and tuberculosis etc which can be contracted by touch or being within an environment that has the virus in the air. Fungus or Fungi can cause such Infections like Athletes foot, Chlamydia and Thrush. Parasites because of the way they transfer from host to host mainly by contact and can cause infections such as Malaria, Ringworm, Fleas, nits etc. (3) A description of the terms ‘Infection’ and ‘Colonisation’ are that an infection can lead to a colonisation if un monitored or un treated. An infection would be
1.2 Identify common illnesses and infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites The most common illnesses and infections that occur due to bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites are Dioreah, Vomiting, Influenza, Nail infections, Tick bites, Colds, Skin Conditions, Digestive Problems ( Parasites - Worms ) and in some cases, Death. 1.3 Describe what is meant by “Infection” and “Colonisation” As defined by : www.freedictionary.com INFECTION Invasion by and multiplication of pathogenic microorganisms in a bodily part or tissue, which may produce subsequent tissue injury and progress to overt disease through a variety of cellular or toxic mechanisms. This means that Infection is the process of infecting or being infected. COLONISATION A mass of microorganisms in a culture that originates from a single cell. This means that when either a Virus, Bacteria, Fungi or parasites in the single form, gather and join to make one mass of either Virus, Bacteria, Fungi or parasites.
CU254 : Causes and Spread of Infection 1. Understand The Causes Of Infection 1.1 Understand the differences between: Bacteria - Bacteria are a single cell group usually in many millions that can multiply rapidly. Viruses - A virus is infectious and replicates itself within living cells. Fungi - Fungi is a multi celled micro organism found in moulds and yeasts, it is a vital component in de-composition. Parasites - A parasite is an organism that lives on or within another living organism, it feeds off of the host.
1.1 Identify the differences between bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites Bacteria are one celled organisms (not all of which are harmful). Some types of bacteria live and multiply in the environment whereas others are adapted to be inside human or animals hosts. Rates of multiplication can vary from minutes to months depending on the type of bacteria. Viruses are much smaller than cells and are basically just a capsule that contains genetic material. They have to invade cells and use the cellular machinery to live and reproduce.
Parasites – an organism that feeds and is dependant of its host. 1.2 Identify common illnesses and infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites Bacteria – Lyme disease, Tuberculosis, tetanus, MRSA (methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus) Viruses – polio, Norovirus, common cold, flu, chicken pox Fungi – tinea pinus, athletes foot, oral thrush Parasites- worms, ticks, lice, mites 1.3 Describe what is meant by ‘infection’ and ‘colonisation’ Infection – is an invasion of a hosts organisms bodily tissues by a disease causing organism. Colonisation – occurs when any one or more species populate a specific area. 1.4 Explain what is meant by ‘systemic infection’ and ‘localised infection’ A systemic infection is so named because the pathogen that causes it, and often the symptoms that it causes, are spread throughout the systems of the body, instead of being localized in one area -- as they are in a local infection. Systemic infections are not necessarily more severe than local infections, they just affect a larger proportion of the body.
They are even smaller then bacteria. They can’t multiply on their own so they have to invade a host cell and take over its machinery in order to be able to make more particles. They cannot reproduce without a host cell that’s what makes them unique organisms. Viruses consist of genetic materials (DNA OR RNA) surrounded by a protected coat of protein, liquid.Virsuses may lead to mild to severe illnesses in humans for example it can cause flu or a common cold to something more life threatening like HIV/AIDS.A virus can enter your body from a break in the skin or from inhaling it from the air we breathe in.Viruses are also immune to antibiotics. 1,1 Fungi is neither a plant nor an animal it is a member of a large group of eukaryotic organisms.
Parasites are larger than bacteria, their cells contain a nucleus and share features with human cells. Some parasites replicate in the environment and some can only replicate within a host organism. Fungi are diverse in their shape and size, their cells have a nucleus and complex internal structures, they are found as environmentally resistant spores and molds and can cause disease in the form of yeasts. 2. Common illnesses and infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi And parasites: Bacteria Tuberculosis, pneumonia, tetanus, typhoid fever, diphtheria, salmonella.
This bacterium is also a facultative anaerobe meaning it can grow with or without oxygen. The bacterium is found most commonly in animals such as rats, fleas, lice, chipmunks, etc. Y. pestis is most commonly transferred through bites from affected animals, direct contact with infected tissue or body fluids, or inhaling infected droplets. The best way to avoid the plague would be to stay away for any animal that has potential for having Yersinia pestis If proper safety measures are not taken and a human ends up with the plague they would have general symptoms such as inflamed lymph nodes, fever, chills, muscle aches, headache and weakness. If left untreated the symptoms could worsen and you could be left with septicemia, food poisoning like symptoms, bleeding from under the skin, in the urine, from the mouth and nose, shock, kidney failure, breathing problems.