Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus - Enterococci bacteria are normally found in the intestinal tract. They can sometimes become pathogenic and develop resistance to vancomycin. Vancomycin is considered to be the last-resort antibiotic that is administered for infections that are resistant to penicillin and other antibiotics. Vancomycin-resistance decreased because the antibiotic was no longer used and the resistant strains were no longer selected for. With recent outbreaks of MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) VRE demonstrates that decreasing use of antibiotics can decrease the drug resistance in bacterial
In the meantime they rob your system of nutrition, loading you down with their excretions and secretions these include Lice and Ringworm 1.3 Colonisation is when a bacterial strain invades a region of your body and starts to rapidly divide - it sets up a new colony Infection is similar but only usually used for opportunistic pathogenic bacteria - that is it does not usually refer to bacteria that normally inhabit us 1.4 Localised infection is restricted to a ceratin region of your body Systemic infection means that the infection is throughout your body. This usually means that the bacteria have been able to invade either your ciculatory system or the lymphatic system and spread 1.5 Some of the poor practises that may
These being, E.Coli and S.Albus. Some of the developed antibiotics work on all forms of bacterial life, this means destroying of all bacteria it gets in contact with. Some act on a range of bacterial life, giving us the answers to which affect and do not affect the bacteria. Lastly some do not have any affect on the bacteria at all. In order to find out which antibiotics work on the bacteria, doing an agar plate test is the best way to get answers.
MRSA: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Date: 12/17/2013 MRSA stands for Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus. It is a staph bacteria that is resistant to methicillin antibiotics, which are normally used to treat staph infections. Since it is resistant to these antibiotics, it is commonly referred to as a super bug. It becomes resistant due to improper and overuse of antibiotics. The overuse of antibiotics enables the bacteria to build up immunity to antibiotics so that they are less effective.
Disease Yersinia pestis The Plague Jesus Urquijo Biology 113 Lab March 18, 2013 Microbes are what make the world what it is today. They are found in nearly every environment on earth. Each species has its own way of getting nutrients and adapting to its environment, such as pH, aerobic and anaerobic conditions, and enzymes that are essential for optimum living. The majority of bacteria living on earth are harmless if not beneficial to the human race, but those few microbes that are harmful to humans are those that cause disease. They are referred to as pathogens and need to be observed so we can prevent the spreading of disease caused by those particular microbes.
For instance, Lactobacillus acidophilus — a harmless bacterium that resides in your intestines — helps you digest food, destroys some disease-causing organisms and provides nutrients. Many disease-causing bacteria produce toxins — powerful chemicals that damage cells and make you ill. Bacteria can multiply very rapidly if given the right environment. Viruses are much smaller than cells. In fact, viruses can only be seen by electronic microscope. To reproduce, viruses invade cells in your body, hijacking the machinery that makes cells work.
1.2 Describe how breaking the chain of infection minimizes the spread of infection. Breaking the chain of infection by targeting one or more links can prevent the spread of infection. This usually involves: Eradicating the source of infection through appropriate antimicrobial therapy; preventing the method of spread through infection prevention and control measures; * such as hand and personal hygiene; * use of Personal Protective Equipment ; * environmental cleaning; * decontamination of equipment; * Disposal of waste. Protecting the individual at risk by immunization; Preventing microorganisms from entering the body by: * wearing protective clothing; * using an aseptic technique when handling invasive devices or dressing wounds; * Covering wounds and insertion sites with sterile dressings etc. It will not be possible to identify all service users who have an infection.
To identify the gram-negative bacterium the following tests were performed: SIM, TSIA, Urease, MR, Citrate, MacConkey, and EMB. To identify the gram-positive bacterium the following tests were performed: NSM, Catalase, Coagulase, MSA, SFA, and Bile Esculin. Following these tests the conclusion was made that the unknown gram-negative bacterium was Salmonella typhimurium and the unknown gram-positive was Staphylococcus saprophyticus. The importance of this project was not just to identify but also to become familiar with the detrimental and essential nutrients of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. It is also essential to understand how to separate and identify different bacterium among a sample in order to treat each bacterium separately.
In mutualism both species benefit; in commensalism one species benefits and the other is not affected; and in parasitism the parasite benefits and harms the host. 2. Prokaryotes engage in all three types of symbiosis with eukaryotes, e.g., Rhizobium is mutualistic with plants, bacteria living within the intestines and on the skin of humans are mostly commensal but some are mutualistic, e.g., anaerobic, fermenting, bacteria living within the female vagina create an acidic environment hostile to yeast and other fungi. C. Pathogenic prokaryotes cause many human diseases 1. To be pathogenic, a parasite must invade the host, resist internal defenses long enough to begin growing, then harm the host in some way.
Immune system suppressor drugs such as 6-mercaptopurine is use by blocking the immune reaction that contributes to inflammation. Infiximab (Remicade) is a drug that is use to block the body’s inflammation response to treat moderate to severe Crohn’s disease that does not respond to standard treatment. Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine caused by stricture, fistulas. Anti-diarrheal and fluid replacements drugs are also used. People with Crohn’s disease often experience a decrease in appetite, which can affect their ability to receive the daily