Describe what is meant by “infection” and “colonisation” Infection is the invasion of the host organism’s bodily tissues by disease-causing organisms, they multiplication and the reaction of the body to these organisms and toxins they produce. Infectious diseases comprise clinically evident illness
1.3 Describe what is meant by “infection” and “colonisation” Infection is the invasion and multiplication of microorganisms that are not normally present in the body, they come in the forms of bacteria, viruses, parasites, etc. Colonisation is the development of a bacterial infection, formation of compact population groups of the same type of microorganisms, eg. when a bacterial cell begins to reproduce. 1.4 Explain what is meant by “systemic infection” and “localised infection Systemic infection is when the infection affects the whole body, when the infection is in the bloodstream, eg. high blood pressure.
Once feared microorganisms like Staphylococcus epidermises, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli are able to be battled with different antibiotics. With many antibiotics being misused, many micro bacteria are becoming immune to once effective drugs. A useful test in measuring the effectiveness of antibiotics to bacteria is the Kirby Bauer test. The Kirby Bauer test is an experiment in which antibiotic soaked disks are placed on a known bacterium, if the bacteria are susceptible to the antibiotic you will see a clearing or halo around the disk; this
1.2 Identify common illnesses and infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites Bacteria Lyme disease, Tuberculosis, tetanus, MRSA, whooping cough Viruses Polio, Norovirus, common cold, flu, chicken pox Fungi Ringworm, athletes foot, oral thrush Parasites Worms, ticks, lice, mites 1.3 Describe what is meant by 'infection' and 'colonisation' Infection Infection is the invasion on bodily tissues by disease causing microorganisms Colonisation Colonisation is when an invasion of disease or bacteria populate a specific area of the body which can cause the body's immune system to break down. 1.4 Explain what is meant by 'systemic infection' and 'localised infection' Systemic infection This is where infection spreads throughout the whole body or affects several organs or tissues. Conditions like type 2 diabetes or AIDS are examples of this. Localised infection This is confined to one organ system or area in the body e.g. abscess or boil.
2.2 Identify Common Illnesses and Infections Caused by Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi and Parasites * Bacteria – Salmonella, E-coli, tetanus, typhoid fever, cholera * Virus – Aids, common cold, cold sores, influenza * Fungi – Athletes Foot, candidoses, ringworm * Parasites – Ticks, fleas, lungworm 2.3 Describe what is Meant by ‘Infection’ and ‘Colonisation’ Infection is the invasion of a living host’s bodily tissue by disease causing organisms that multiply in the body and cause illness. Colonization occurs when one organism or more populate an area. Bacteria colonize on an area of the body surface and do not cause
The attack of lethal bacterial pathogens on the body is a diverse invasion that requires manipulation, aggression, a planned approach and the use of weapons on behalf of the lethal pathogen. Studies and tests performed on bacterial pathogens attachment methods, versatility and competitive nature, have given scientists the knowledge needed to potentially outsmart the deadly bacterial pathogen killers and use their own weapons against them. This article (Finlay, 2010) documents the behavior of bacterial pathogens within hosts and determines how the knowledge gained from the behavior of microbes can lead to new defenses against the lethal bacterial pathogens. Some lethal microbes attach and lock themselves onto their host. An example of this approach is found in strains of Escherichia coli (enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157).
Q1 Explain what is meant by infection prevention and control. Infection prevention and control is the clinical application of microbiology in practice. Infection or disease may be caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses or prions and can result in a wide variety of infections, for example, urinary tract, wound, respiratory, blood, bone and skin infections. Prevention and control stops harmful micro-organisms being transferred from person to person by direct contact, medical equipment or the general environment. Understanding how infections occur and how different micro-organisms act and spread is crucial to preventing infections.
This allows| | |the release of other cells into the tissue |plasma and neutrophils to move from the blood vessels into | | | |damaged tissue | |4th |As the wounded part of the body reacts to the germs, |Polymorphs move to the bacteria by the chemotaxis and | | |certain cells destroy these germs |ingested. That destroys the bacteria and
However, the discussion provides an indication that the main hypothesis of this article is that Borrelia burgdorferi can create the symptoms generally associated with Lyme disease by way of bacterial byproducts that can negatively impact the host’s tissues, rather than the actual virulence of Borrelia burgdorferi. As such, the authors also shows that expression of Lyme disease symptoms in a patient could be due to such byproducts and not necessarily because of such virulence
Identify the differences between bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. 2. Identify common illnesses and infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. 3. Describe/explain what is meant by: a.