Two Main Cells Nervous System Health And Social Care The two main types of cells in the nervous system are neurons and neuroglia. Neurons are also called functional units. They are the actual nerve cells that transmit impulses of the nervous system. Each neuron consists of three basic parts: a cell body, axon, and one or more dendrites. The cell body, also called the soma, contains the nucleus, cytoplasm, and other organelles.
7. Spinal cord The mid dorsal line of the body. This has spinal nerves that leave the cord. Provide means of communication between the brain and spinal nerves. Also provides reflex actions.
Stimuli’s are what transfers to the brain. The brain is dependent on neurotransmitters to send signals for one part of the brain to another part. The neurotransmitters are let go or released by nerve cells, which is what helps in carrying out cognitive functioning. When brain cells are damaged
• Sensory organs function as receptors and receive the stimuli, then it sends nerve impulses to the related effectors. 3. How does the brain use the senses to search/find stimuli in the environment? • Stimuli from the environment are transformed into neural signals which are then interpreted
The hippocampus on the other side is responsible for the production of corticosteroids (chemicals that produce physiological responses to stimuli). How the mind creates memories is controlled by the hippocampus. So as to work efficiently, the amygdala and the hippocampus rely on each other greatly. The amygdala regulates the responses to stimuli and the hippocampus uses these responses in the formation of both short-term and long-term memories. Damage to the amygdala or hippocampus causes loss of emotions and memory respectively.
The lateral nucleus is concerned with detecting the direction from which the sound is coming, presumably by simply comparing the difference in intensities of the sound reaching the two ears and sending an appropriate signal to the auditory cortex to estimate the direction. The medial superior olivary nucleus, however, has a specific mechanism for detecting the time lag between acoustical signals entering the two ears. This nucleus contains large numbers of neurons that have two major dendrites, one projecting to the right and the other to the left. The acoustical signal from the right ear impinges on the right dendrite, and the signal from the left ear impinges on the left dendrite.The intensity of excitation of each neuron is highly sensitive to a specific time lag between the two acoustical signals from the two ears.The neurons near one border of the nucleus respond maximally to a short time lag, while those near the opposite border respond to a long time lag; those in between respond to intermediate time lags. Thus, a spatial pattern of neuronal stimulation develops in the medial superior olivary nucleus, with sound from directly in front of the head stimulating one set of olivary neurons maximally and sounds from different side angles stimulating other sets of neurons on opposite sides.
4. A motor neuron conducts a nerve impulse along an efferent pathway from the integration center to an effector. 5. An effector responds to the efferent impulses by contracting (if the effector is a muscle fiber) or secreting a product (if the effector is a gland). Reflexes can be categorized as either autonomic or somatic.
RSQC2 Worksheet Directions: Fill in the blanks below. Identify the following parts of a neuron (need an image): (dendrites, axon, terminal buttons, myelin sheath) Dendrites: The cluster of fibers at one end of the cell body that receive messages from other neurons. Axon: The slim, tube-like extension of the cell body that carries messages from the dendrites to other neurons. Terminal buttons: The small bulges at the end of the axon which send messages to other neurons. Myelin sheath: A protective coating of fat and protein that insulates the axon.
The nervous system is made up of two parts: 3. CNS – Central Nervous System: 1. Consists of the brain and spinal chord 2. Acts as a control centre for all the bodily functions 4. PNS – Peripheral Nervous System: 3.
Cholinergic transmission can be defined as the physiological process that operates the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) to communicate between cells (Wess, 1993). ACh is used in all movement of the muscles, and the neurotransmission of ACh occurs in the peripheral (PNS) and central nervous systems (CNS). ACh has broadly shown a